Viamonte Sarah, Vance David, Wadley Virginia, Roenker Dan, Ball Karlene
Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham.
Clin Gerontol. 2010 Apr 1;33(2):109-123. doi: 10.1080/07317110903552180.
The objective of this study was to determine if older drivers with pharmacologically treated hypertension and/or heart disease demonstrate impaired performance on established driving related cognitive measures. Data regarding self-reported demographic variables (i.e., age, sex, race, income, mental and physical health diagnoses, and prescription drug use) and performance on driving-related measures of cognitive function (i.e., Trail Making Test B; and Useful Field of View (UFOV® subtest 2) were gathered from 865 licensed drivers. No group cognitive performance differences were found among the treated hypertensives and the healthy control group, thus underscoring the importance of effective hypertension management. However, older adults with pharmacologically treated heart disease demonstrated poorer performance than older adults without heart disease on Trails B and UFOV® subtest 2. Although it is generally agreed that assessment and early intervention with regard to heart disease risk factors (i.e., cholesterol, tobacco smoking, obesity, etc.) beneficially affect physical health, the current results also indicate that addressing such risk factors prior to the development of heart disease may benefit cognitive function, as well.
本研究的目的是确定接受药物治疗的高血压和/或心脏病老年司机在既定的与驾驶相关的认知测试中是否表现受损。从865名持证司机那里收集了有关自我报告的人口统计学变量（即年龄、性别、种族、收入、精神和身体健康诊断以及处方药使用情况）以及与驾驶相关的认知功能测试表现（即连线测验B；以及有用视野（UFOV®子测试2））的数据。在接受治疗的高血压患者和健康对照组之间未发现群体认知表现差异，从而突出了有效管理高血压的重要性。然而，接受药物治疗的心脏病老年患者在连线测验B和UFOV®子测试2中的表现比无心脏病的老年人差。虽然人们普遍认为对心脏病风险因素（即胆固醇、吸烟、肥胖等）进行评估和早期干预有利于身体健康，但目前的结果还表明，在心脏病发展之前解决这些风险因素可能也有益于认知功能。
