De Turner E, Aparicio N J, Turner D, Schwarzstein L
Fertil Steril. 1978 Mar;29(3):328-31. doi: 10.1016/s0015-0282(16)43161-4.
Mann-fructose fluid (MF), and MF plus caffeine, MF plus pentoxifylline, MF (dibutyryl cAMP), MF plus propranolol, and MF plus propranolol plus dibutyryl cAMP were individually added to aliquots of semen samples obtained from 18 normal men. These drugs were added to a final concentration of 0.6 mM. One aliquot with no addition served as control. Samples were incubated at 37 degrees C and observed by light microscopy at 30 minutes and at 1,2, and 4 hours after obtained the material. At each observation time, semen quality was evaluated by determinating the percentages of forwardly progresssive spermatozoa, slowly progressive spermatozoa, "in situ" motile spermatozoa, live and nonmotile spermatozoa, and dead spermatozoa. Mann-fructose fluid resulted in a decrease in motility and the duration of activity of spermatozoa, Caffeine seemed to neutralize the deleterus effect on the buffer, whereas pentoxifylline and cAMP seemed to increase the duration of activity of spermatozoa. Propranolol resulted in a dramatic decrease in motility, an effect that could not be neutralized by the simultaneous addition of cAMP.
将甘露糖 - 果糖液（MF）、MF加咖啡因、MF加己酮可可碱、MF（二丁酰环磷腺苷）、MF加普萘洛尔以及MF加普萘洛尔加二丁酰环磷腺苷分别加入从18名正常男性获取的精液样本 aliquots 中。这些药物的最终添加浓度为0.6 mM。一份未添加任何物质的 aliquots 用作对照。样本在37摄氏度下孵育，并在获取样本后30分钟以及1、2和4小时通过光学显微镜观察。在每个观察时间点，通过测定向前游动精子、缓慢游动精子、“原地”活动精子、活的但不活动精子以及死精子的百分比来评估精液质量。甘露糖 - 果糖液导致精子活力和活动持续时间下降，咖啡因似乎能抵消缓冲液的有害作用，而己酮可可碱和环磷腺苷似乎能增加精子的活动持续时间。普萘洛尔导致活力急剧下降，同时添加环磷腺苷也无法抵消这种作用。
