Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, P.O. Box 611, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland.
Environ Microbiol. 2010 Nov;12(11):2931-45. doi: 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2010.02268.x.
Solar disinfection (SODIS) is a simple drinking water treatment method that improves microbiological water quality where other means are unavailable. It makes use of the deleterious effect of solar irradiation on pathogenic microbes and viruses. A positive impact on health has been documented in several epidemiological studies. However, the molecular mechanisms damaging cells during this simple treatment are not yet fully understood. Here we show that protein damage is crucial in the process of inactivation by sunlight. Protein damages in UVA-irradiated Escherichia coli cells have been evaluated by an immunoblot method for carbonylated proteins and an aggregation assay based on semi-quantitative proteomics. A wide spectrum of structural and enzymatic proteins within the cell is affected by carbonylation and aggregation. Vital cellular functions like the transcription and translation apparatus, transport systems, amino acid synthesis and degradation, respiration, ATP synthesis, glycolysis, the TCA cycle, chaperone functions and catalase are targeted by UVA irradiation. The protein damage pattern caused by SODIS strongly resembles the pattern caused by reactive oxygen stress. Hence, sunlight probably accelerates cellular senescence and leads to the inactivation and finally death of UVA-irradiated cells.
阳光消毒（SODIS）是一种简单的饮用水处理方法，可在其他方法不可用时改善微生物水质。它利用太阳照射对致病微生物和病毒的有害影响。几项流行病学研究记录了对健康的积极影响。然而，在这种简单处理过程中破坏细胞的分子机制尚不完全清楚。在这里，我们表明蛋白质损伤在阳光失活过程中至关重要。通过免疫印迹法评估 UVA 照射的大肠杆菌细胞中的蛋白质损伤，以及基于半定量蛋白质组学的聚集测定法。细胞内的广泛结构和酶蛋白受到羰基化和聚集的影响。转录和翻译装置、运输系统、氨基酸合成和降解、呼吸作用、ATP 合成、糖酵解、三羧酸循环、伴侣功能和过氧化氢酶等重要的细胞功能都受到 UVA 照射的影响。SODIS 引起的蛋白质损伤模式与活性氧应激引起的模式非常相似。因此，阳光可能会加速细胞衰老，并导致 UVA 照射细胞失活最终死亡。
