Kindt G C, Gadek J E, Weiland J E
Department of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 1991 Apr;70(4):1575-85. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1991.70.4.1575.
The adult respiratory distress syndrome and bacterial pneumonia are both characterized by an influx of neutrophils into the lung. The neutrophil has been implicated as having a "pathological" role in adult respiratory distress syndrome, in contrast to its role in bacterial pneumonia. We hypothesized that processes resulting in neutrophil recruitment to the lung are distinct, depending on whether the inflammatory stimulus arises in the intravascular or the alveolar compartment of the lung. Anesthetized sheep with lung lymph fistulas were utilized to access the three compartments of the lung relevant to studies of transpulmonary neutrophil migration. Serum, lung lymph, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were studied for neutrophil influx and chemotactic activity before and after administration of endotoxin by either an intravascular or inhaled alveolar route. Both groups developed significant neutrophil influx into the lymph and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid by 3 h postendotoxin. Those animals receiving intravascular endotoxin developed chemotactic gradients opposing neutrophil migration into the lung in contrast to animals receiving alveolar endotoxin, suggesting that neutrophil influx into the lung occurs by random migration.
成人呼吸窘迫综合征和细菌性肺炎均以中性粒细胞流入肺内为特征。与中性粒细胞在细菌性肺炎中的作用不同，它在成人呼吸窘迫综合征中被认为具有“病理性”作用。我们推测，导致中性粒细胞募集至肺的过程是不同的，这取决于炎症刺激是发生在肺的血管内还是肺泡腔。利用带有肺淋巴瘘的麻醉绵羊来研究与经肺中性粒细胞迁移研究相关的肺的三个腔室。在内毒素经血管内或经肺泡吸入途径给药前后，对血清、肺淋巴液和支气管肺泡灌洗液进行中性粒细胞流入和趋化活性研究。两组在给予内毒素后3小时均出现大量中性粒细胞流入淋巴液和支气管肺泡灌洗液。与接受肺泡内毒素的动物相比，接受血管内毒素的动物形成了与中性粒细胞向肺内迁移相反的趋化梯度，这表明中性粒细胞向肺内的流入是通过随机迁移发生的。
