Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA.
Int J Audiol. 2010 Aug;49(8):580-5. doi: 10.3109/14992021003753508.
As part of a population-based study in Beaver Dam, Wisconsin, we estimated the 10-year cumulative incidence of tinnitus and its risk factors. Participants (n = 2922, aged 48-92 years) not reporting tinnitus at baseline (1993-1995) were followed for up to ten years. In addition to audiometric testing and anthropometric measures, data on tinnitus, health, and other history were obtained via questionnaire. Potential risk factors were assessed with discrete-time proportional hazards models. The 10-year cumulative incidence of tinnitus was 12.7%. The risk of developing tinnitus was significantly associated with: history of arthritis (hazard ratio (HR = 1.37), history of head injury (HR = 1.76), history of ever smoking (HR = 1.40), and among women, hearing loss (HR = 2.59). Alcohol consumption (HR = 0.63 for > or = 141 grams/week vs. <15 grams/week), age (among women, HR = 0.90 for each five-year increase in age), and among men, obesity (HR = 0.55), were associated with decreased risk. The risk of developing tinnitus was high for older adults, and associated with modifiable health and behavioral factors.
作为威斯康星州比弗大坝一项基于人群的研究的一部分，我们评估了耳鸣的 10 年累积发病率及其危险因素。在无耳鸣基线（1993-1995 年）的 2922 名参与者中，有高达 10 年的随访时间。除了听力测试和人体测量措施外，通过问卷调查获取了关于耳鸣、健康和其他病史的数据。采用离散时间比例风险模型评估潜在的危险因素。耳鸣的 10 年累积发病率为 12.7%。发生耳鸣的风险与：关节炎史（风险比（HR）=1.37）、头部外伤史（HR = 1.76）、吸烟史（HR = 1.40）以及女性听力损失（HR = 2.59）显著相关。饮酒（每周 > 141 克与 < 15 克相比，HR = 0.63）、年龄（女性，年龄每增加 5 岁 HR = 0.90）以及男性肥胖（HR = 0.55）与风险降低相关。耳鸣的发病风险在老年人中较高，与可改变的健康和行为因素有关。
