Popelka M M, Cruickshanks K J, Wiley T L, Tweed T S, Klein B E, Klein R, Nondahl D M
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53705-2397, USA.
J Am Geriatr Soc. 2000 Oct;48(10):1273-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2000.tb02601.x.
To determine if moderate alcohol consumption is associated inversely with hearing loss in a large population based study of older adults.
Cross-sectional population based cohort study. Data are from the 1993-1995 examinations for the population based Epidemiology of Hearing Loss Study (EHLS) (n = 3571) and the Beaver Dam Eye Study (BDES) (n = 3722).
Midwestern community of Beaver Dam, Wisconsin.
Residents of Beaver Dam aged 43 to 84 in 1987-1988 were eligible for the BDES (examinations in 1988-1990 and 1993-1995). During 1993-1995, this same cohort was eligible to participate in the baseline examination for the EHLS.
Hearing thresholds were measured by pure tone air and bone conduction audiometry (250-8000 Hz.). History of alcohol consumption in the past year, heavy drinking (ever), medical history, occupation, noise exposure, and other lifestyle factors were ascertained by a questionnaire that was administered as an interview.
In multiple logistic regression analyses controlling for potential confounders, moderate alcohol consumption (>140 grams/week) was inversely associated with hearing loss (PTA(.5,1,2,4 > 25 dB HL); odds ratio [OR] = .71, 95% confidence interval [CI] = .52, .97; where PTA is pure tone average). A similar association was found for moderate hearing loss (PTA(.5,1,2,4 > 40 dB HL); OR = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.32, 0.74). Alcohol consumption was associated inversely with the odds of having a low frequency hearing loss (OR = 0.61) or a high frequency hearing loss (OR = 0.60). These findings did not vary significantly by age or gender. There was an increase in the odds of having a high frequency hearing loss (OR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.04, 1.75), in those with a history of heavy drinking (> or =4 drinks/day). Including cardiovascular disease or its related factors did not significantly attenuate the protective effect.
There is evidence of a modest protective association of alcohol consumption and hearing loss in these cross-sectional data. This finding is in agreement with a small body of evidence suggesting that hearing loss is not an inevitable component of the aging process.
在一项针对老年人的大型人群研究中，确定适量饮酒是否与听力损失呈负相关。
基于人群的横断面队列研究。数据来自1993 - 1995年进行的基于人群的听力损失流行病学研究（EHLS）（n = 3571）和比弗迪尔眼研究（BDES）（n = 3722）。
威斯康星州比弗迪尔的中西部社区。
1987 - 1988年年龄在43至84岁的比弗迪尔居民有资格参加BDES（1988 - 1990年和1993 - 1995年进行检查）。在1993 - 1995年期间，同一队列有资格参加EHLS的基线检查。
通过纯音气导和骨导听力测定法（250 - 8000 Hz）测量听力阈值。通过作为访谈进行的问卷确定过去一年的饮酒史、重度饮酒（曾经）、病史、职业、噪声暴露和其他生活方式因素。
在控制潜在混杂因素的多元逻辑回归分析中，适量饮酒（>140克/周）与听力损失呈负相关（PTA(.5,1,2,4 > 25 dB HL）；优势比[OR] = 0.71，95%置信区间[CI] = 0.52，0.97；其中PTA是纯音平均值）。对于中度听力损失（PTA(.5,1,2,4 > 40 dB HL）也发现了类似的关联；OR = 0.49，95% CI = 0.32，0.74）。饮酒与低频听力损失（OR = 0.61）或高频听力损失（OR = 0.60）的几率呈负相关。这些发现不因年龄或性别而有显著差异。有重度饮酒史（≥4杯/天）的人高频听力损失的几率增加（OR = 1.35，95% CI = 1.04，1.75）。纳入心血管疾病或其相关因素并未显著减弱这种保护作用。
在这些横断面数据中，有证据表明饮酒与听力损失之间存在适度的保护关联。这一发现与一小部分证据一致，表明听力损失并非衰老过程中不可避免的一部分。
