ADHD 患儿父母报告的与嗅觉信息处理相关行为的预测因素。
The predictors of parent reported behaviors related to olfactory information processing in children with ADHD.
机构信息
Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Hafez Hospital, Shiraz, Iran.
出版信息
Psychiatry Investig. 2010 Jun;7(2):116-21. doi: 10.4306/pi.2010.7.2.116. Epub 2010 May 4.
OBJECTIVE
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a heterogeneous disorder with contradictory findings about smell detection function. It is not clear if the parent perceived behavior related to olfactory function is associated with age, gender, severity of ADHD, and cooccurring symptoms of anxiety and oppositional behavior in children with ADHD.
METHODS
Participants were a clinical sample of 104 children and adolescents with ADHD using DSM-IV diagnostic criteria by a semi-structured interview. Parent perceived behavior related to olfactory processing function was assessed trough a questionnaire. The parent reported Olfactory Functioning Checklist was used to evaluate "seeking behavior and over-responsiveness to smell (SSBO)" and "smell detection ability (SDA)".
RESULTS
ADHD and separation anxiety symptoms count (severity) predicted the SDA scale score. None of the variables of gender, age, ADHD subtypes, co-morbidity with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), and symptom count of ODD predicted SSBO and SDA scales' scores.
CONCLUSION
Parent reported behavior related to olfactory detection impairment increased with higher ADHD and anxiety severity. It is independent of age and gender.
目的
注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）是一种异质性疾病，关于嗅觉检测功能的研究结果相互矛盾。目前尚不清楚父母感知到的与嗅觉功能相关的行为是否与年龄、性别、ADHD 的严重程度以及 ADHD 儿童的焦虑和对立行为共病有关。
方法
参与者为 104 名符合 DSM-IV 诊断标准的 ADHD 儿童和青少年的临床样本，采用半结构式访谈。通过问卷评估与嗅觉处理功能相关的父母感知行为。采用父母报告嗅觉功能检查表评估“寻求行为和对气味的过度反应（SSBO）”和“嗅觉检测能力（SDA）”。
结果
ADHD 和分离焦虑症状计数（严重程度）预测了 SDA 量表评分。性别、年龄、ADHD 亚型、对立违抗障碍（ODD）共病以及 ODD 症状计数等变量均不能预测 SSBO 和 SDA 量表的评分。
结论
父母报告的与嗅觉检测障碍相关的行为随着 ADHD 和焦虑严重程度的增加而增加。它与年龄和性别无关。
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