Department of Human and Organizational Development, Vanderbilt University, 230 Appleton Place, Peabody, Nashville, TN 37203, USA.
Community Ment Health J. 2011 Jun;47(3):286-99. doi: 10.1007/s10597-010-9325-1. Epub 2010 Jun 25.
In order to better understand factors that account for the emergence and persistence of negative attitudes towards mental health problems, attributions about and stigma towards children's mental and physical illnesses were examined using National Stigma Study-Children data. Parent blame attributions were most strongly associated with attention deficit disorder, environmental causes with depression, and biology with asthma. Parent blame was more frequent for mental than physical health conditions. Child blame was associated with higher preferred social distance from the child, but no clear links were observed between social distance and attributions about genetic/biology, environment, or parent blame. Rurality was not significantly associated with attributions or social distance preference. Higher educational achievement was associated with increased endorsement of environmental stress factors and reduced odds of child blaming. The general public holds complex explanatory models of and nuanced responses to children's mental disorders that need further investigation, including effects on parents' and children's help-seeking.
为了更好地理解导致心理健康问题的负面态度出现和持续的因素，利用国家耻辱研究-儿童数据，考察了对儿童精神和身体疾病的归因和污名。家长对孩子的过失归因与注意力缺陷障碍的关联性最强，环境因素与抑郁相关，而生物学因素与哮喘相关。与身体健康状况相比，家长对心理健康状况的过失归因更为频繁。对孩子的责备与更愿意与孩子保持社会距离相关，但在社会距离与遗传/生物学、环境或家长过失归因之间没有观察到明显的联系。农村地区与归因或社会距离偏好没有显著关联。较高的教育成就与更多地认同环境压力因素以及减少责备孩子的可能性相关。公众对儿童精神障碍持有复杂的解释模型和细微的反应，需要进一步调查，包括对父母和孩子寻求帮助的影响。
