Department of Obstetrics, Reproduction and Herd Health, Veterinary Epidemiology Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.
Epidemiol Infect. 2011 May;139(5):765-71. doi: 10.1017/S0950268810001524. Epub 2010 Jun 29.
A cross-sectional study on 32 different Belgian broiler farms was performed in 2007 and 2008 to identify risk factors for ceftiofur resistance in Escherichia coli. On each farm, one E. coli colony was isolated from 30 random birds. Following susceptibility testing of 14 antimicrobials, an on-farm questionnaire was used to obtain information on risk factors. Using a multilevel logistic regression model two factors were identified at the animal level: resistance to amoxicillin and to trimethoprim-sulfonamide. On the farm level, besides antimicrobial use, seven management factors were found to be associated with the occurrence of ceftiofur resistance in E. coli from broilers: poor hygienic condition of the medicinal treatment reservoir, no acidification of drinking water, more than three feed changes during the production cycle, hatchery of origin, breed, litter material used, and treatment with amoxicillin. This study confirms that not only on-farm antimicrobial therapy, but also management- and hatchery-related factors influence the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance.
2007 年至 2008 年，对 32 个不同的比利时肉鸡场进行了横断面研究，以确定大肠杆菌对头孢噻呋耐药的危险因素。在每个农场，从 30 只随机鸡中分离出一个大肠杆菌菌落。在进行了 14 种抗菌药物的药敏试验后，使用农场问卷获取了有关危险因素的信息。使用多水平逻辑回归模型，在动物水平上确定了两个因素：对阿莫西林和甲氧苄啶-磺胺的耐药性。在农场层面上，除了抗菌药物的使用外，还发现了七个与肉鸡大肠杆菌头孢噻呋耐药发生相关的管理因素：药物治疗储液器卫生条件差、饮用水未酸化、生产周期中更换饲料超过三次、孵化场来源、品种、使用的垫料和阿莫西林治疗。本研究证实，不仅是农场内的抗菌药物治疗，还有管理和孵化场相关因素会影响抗菌药物耐药性的发生。
