Extraction of large bile duct stones in patients who have undergone a Billroth II (B-II) gastrectomy can be challenging. Recently, a large balloon dilation performed after endoscopic sphincterotomy (ESLBD) was useful for the removal of large bile duct stones. The aim of our study was to evaluate the feasibility and safety of ESLBD for removal of bile duct stones in patients who have undergone a B-II gastrectomy. ESLBD for removal of bile duct stones were performed in 11 patients with a B-II gastrectomy at Tokyo Medical University Hospital. Immediately after EST, a large balloon catheter (maximum diameter 15 mm, 18 mm, or 20 mm) was passed over the guide-wire and positioned across the main duodenal papilla. Maximum stone size (short diameter) ranged from 7 to 30 mm with a median of 13.5 mm. The number of stones was 1-26 with a median of 4.8. The common bile duct diameter was 10 mm to 30 mm with a median of 18.1 mm. A mechanical lithotripter for crushing stones was used in two patients (18%). Papillary balloon dilation using variously sized balloons was performed in addition to endoscopic sphincterotomy. Complete clearance of bile duct stones was achieved in all cases at one session. There were no procedure-related adverse events such as acute pancreatitis or retroperitoneal perforation. ESLBD appears to be an effective and safe treatment for removal of difficult bile duct stones in patients who have undergone a B-II gastrectomy.