Department of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2010 Jul;83(1):75-8. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0796.
In spite of the high prevalence of malaria in Southeastern Bangladesh, there remains a significant shortage of information regarding the presence of three of five human malaria parasites: Plasmodium ovale, P. malariae, and P. knowlesi. The presence of P. ovale and P. knowlesi has previously never been reported from Bangladesh. We used a genus- and species-specific nested polymerase chain reaction, targeting highly conserved regions of the small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene, to investigate the presence of malaria parasites in a total number of 379 patient samples in a survey of patients with febrile illnesses in the Chittagong Hill Tracts in Southeastern Bangladesh. We identified the first cases of P. ovale in Bangladesh. They were confirmed by sequence analysis; 189 of 379 samples (49.9%; 95% confidence interval = 44.9-54.9%) were positive for Plasmodium sp. by PCR. P. falciparum monoinfections accounted for 68.3% (61.3-74.5%), followed by P. vivax (15.3%; 10.9-21.2%), P. malariae (1.6%; 0.5-4.6%), P. ovale (1.6%; 0.5-4.6%), and mixed infections (13.2%; 9.1-18.8%). We found no evidence of P. knowlesi in this region.
尽管疟疾在孟加拉东南部非常普遍，但关于五种人体疟原虫中的三种（卵形疟原虫、疟原虫和 knowlesi 疟原虫）的存在，仍然存在大量信息缺口。卵形疟原虫和 knowlesi 疟原虫以前从未在孟加拉国报告过。我们使用了一种属特异性和种特异性嵌套聚合酶链反应，针对小亚基核糖体 RNA（SSU rRNA）基因的高度保守区域，对孟加拉东南部吉大港山区发热患者进行了 379 例患者样本的调查，以研究疟原虫的存在。我们鉴定了孟加拉国的首例卵形疟原虫病例。通过序列分析得到确认；379 个样本中有 189 个（49.9%；95%置信区间=44.9-54.9%）通过 PCR 对疟原虫呈阳性。恶性疟原虫单一感染占 68.3%（61.3-74.5%），其次是间日疟原虫（15.3%；10.9-21.2%）、疟原虫（1.6%；0.5-4.6%）、卵形疟原虫（1.6%；0.5-4.6%）和混合感染（13.2%；9.1-18.8%）。在该地区未发现 knowlesi 疟原虫的证据。
