San Diego State University, CA 92182, USA.
Alcohol. 2010 Jun;44(4):371-8. doi: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2010.02.013. Epub 2010 Jul 3.
The present experiment assessed motor response programming and movement time in children with histories of heavy prenatal alcohol exposure (PEA). Alcohol-exposed children between the ages of 7 and 17 years were classified into two groups: Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS: n=9) and children with PEA (PEA: n=19) but who did not have the defining characteristics of FAS. The FAS and PEA children were compared with non-alcohol-exposed children (NC: n=23) when completing two tasks: a simple reaction time task (RT alone condition) and a reaction plus movement task (RT+Move condition). The movement involved responding to an imperative stimulus signal and depressing three target buttons in a set sequence. Participants completed 24 trials each for the RT alone and RT+Move response conditions. Results indicated no significant differences in performance among FAS, PEA, and NC groups during the RT alone condition. However, during the RT+Move condition, the FAS group produced significantly longer and more variable RTs than the PEA and NC groups, which produced comparable RTs. The FAS group also produced significantly slower movement times when moving to all three targets, whereas movement time variability did not significantly differ as a function of group. The observed results indicate children with FAS experience deficits in response programming and movement time production.
本实验评估了有重度产前酒精暴露史（PEA）的儿童的运动反应编程和运动时间。7 至 17 岁的酒精暴露儿童被分为两组：胎儿酒精综合征（FAS：n=9）和有 PEA 但没有 FAS 特征的儿童（PEA：n=19）。在完成两项任务时，将 FAS 和 PEA 儿童与未暴露于酒精的儿童（NC：n=23）进行比较：一项简单反应时间任务（仅 RT 条件）和一项反应加运动任务（RT+Move 条件）。运动包括响应命令刺激信号并以设定的顺序按下三个目标按钮。参与者在 RT 单独和 RT+Move 反应条件下各完成 24 次试验。结果表明，在仅 RT 条件下，FAS、PEA 和 NC 组之间的表现没有显著差异。然而，在 RT+Move 条件下，FAS 组的反应时明显长于 PEA 和 NC 组，而 PEA 和 NC 组的反应时相似。FAS 组移动到所有三个目标的运动时间也明显较慢，而运动时间的变异性则没有因组而异。观察到的结果表明，FAS 儿童在反应编程和运动时间产生方面存在缺陷。
