Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany.
J Chem Ecol. 2010 Aug;36(8):905-13. doi: 10.1007/s10886-010-9825-z. Epub 2010 Jul 9.
Glucosinolates are a diverse group of defensive secondary metabolites that is characteristic of the Brassicales. Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. (Brassicaceae) lines with mutations that greatly reduce abundance of indole glucosinolates (cyp79B2 cyp79B3), aliphatic glucosinolates (myb28 myb29), or both (cyp79B2 cyp79B3 myb28 myb29) make it possible to test the in vivo defensive function of these two major glucosinolate classes. In experiments with Lepidoptera that are not crucifer-feeding specialists, aliphatic and indole glucosinolates had an additive effect on Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larval growth, whereas Trichoplusia ni (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and Manduca sexta (L.) (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) were affected only by the absence of aliphatic glucosinolates. In the case of two crucifer-feeding specialists, Pieris rapae (L.) (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) and Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), there were no major changes in larval performance due to decreased aliphatic and/or indole glucosinolate content. Nevertheless, choice tests show that aliphatic and indole glucosinolates act in an additive manner to promote larval feeding of both species and P. rapae oviposition. Together, these results support the hypothesis that a diversity of glucosinolates is required to limit the growth of multiple insect herbivores.
硫代葡萄糖苷是一类防御性次生代谢物，是芸薹属植物的特征。拟南芥（L.）Heynh。（十字花科）的突变株系中，吲哚硫代葡萄糖苷（cyp79B2 cyp79B3）、脂肪族硫代葡萄糖苷（myb28 myb29）或两者的丰度都大大降低（cyp79B2 cyp79B3 myb28 myb29），这使得测试这两种主要硫代葡萄糖苷类别的体内防御功能成为可能。在对非十字花科专食性鳞翅目昆虫的实验中，脂肪族和吲哚硫代葡萄糖苷对斜纹夜蛾（Hübner）（鳞翅目：夜蛾科）幼虫生长有相加效应，而烟青虫（Hübner）（鳞翅目：夜蛾科）和棉铃虫（L.）（鳞翅目：夜蛾科）仅受脂肪族硫代葡萄糖苷缺失的影响。对于两种专食十字花科的鳞翅目昆虫，小菜蛾（L.）（鳞翅目：粉蝶科）和小菜蛾（L.）（鳞翅目：粉蝶科），由于脂肪族和/或吲哚硫代葡萄糖苷含量降低，幼虫的生长性能没有发生重大变化。然而，选择试验表明，脂肪族和吲哚硫代葡萄糖苷以相加的方式作用，促进了两种昆虫的幼虫取食和小菜蛾的产卵。这些结果共同支持了这样一种假说，即多种硫代葡萄糖苷的存在对于限制多种昆虫食草动物的生长是必需的。
