Forensic Psychology Section, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 2011 Jan;33(1):131-9. doi: 10.1080/13803395.2010.495055. Epub 2010 Jul 9.
We conducted three studies that address the residual effects of instructed feigning of symptoms. In Experiment 1 (N = 31), undergraduates instructed to exaggerate symptoms on a malingering test continued to report more neurocognitive and psychiatric symptoms than did nonmalingering controls, when later asked to respond honestly to the same test. In Experiment 2 (N = 28), students completed a symptom list of psychiatric complaints and then were asked to explain why they had endorsed two target symptoms that they did not, in actuality, endorse. A total of 57% of participants did not detect this mismatch between actual and manipulated symptom endorsement and even tended to adopt the manipulated symptoms when provided with an opportunity to do so. In Experiment 3 (N = 28), we found that self-deceptive enhancement is related to the tendency to continue to report neurocognitive and psychiatric symptoms that initially had been produced intentionally. "Blindness" for the intentional aspect of symptom endorsement may explain the intrinsic overlap between feigning and somatoform complaints.
我们进行了三项研究，旨在探讨指令性装病的残余效应。在实验 1（N=31）中，被指示夸大症状的大学生在随后被要求如实回答同一项测试时，比非装病对照组报告了更多的神经认知和精神症状。在实验 2（N=28）中，学生完成了一份精神症状清单，然后被要求解释为什么他们对两个目标症状表示赞同，而实际上他们并没有赞同这些症状。共有 57%的参与者没有发现实际症状和人为操作症状之间的这种不匹配，甚至在有机会这样做时，他们更倾向于采用人为操作的症状。在实验 3（N=28）中，我们发现自我欺骗性增强与继续报告最初是有意产生的神经认知和精神症状的倾向有关。对症状表达的有意方面的“盲目性”可能解释了装病和躯体形式投诉之间的内在重叠。
