Ecotoxicology Research and Innovation Centre, School of Biomedical and Biological Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2010 Sep;73(6):1440-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2010.06.012. Epub 2010 Jul 10.
With increasing oil exploration in Arctic regions, the risk of an accidental oil spill into the environment is inevitably elevated. As a result, concerns have been raised over the potential impact of oil exposure on Arctic organisms. This study assessed the effects of an acute oil exposure (mimicking an accidental spill) on the immune function and oxidative stress status of the Arctic scallop Chlamys islandica. Scallops were exposed to the water accommodated fraction of crude oil over 21 d (maximum SigmaPAH 163 microg l(-1)) and immune endpoints and oxidative stress parameters were measured. Mortalities were recorded during the exposure and reductions in immunocompetence were observed, with significant impairment of phagocytosis and cell membrane stability. Scallops were also subjected to oxidative stress, with a significant reduction in glutathione levels and induction of lipid peroxidation. After the acute oil exposure had subsided, no recovery of immune function was observed indicating potential for prolonged sublethal effects.
随着北极地区石油勘探的增加，意外石油泄漏到环境中的风险不可避免地增加了。因此，人们对石油暴露对北极生物的潜在影响表示担忧。本研究评估了急性石油暴露（模拟意外泄漏）对北极扇贝 Chlamys islandica 免疫功能和氧化应激状态的影响。扇贝在 21 天内暴露于原油的水可容纳部分（最大 SigmaPAH 为 163 微克/升），并测量了免疫终点和氧化应激参数。在暴露期间记录了死亡率，并观察到免疫能力下降，吞噬作用和细胞膜稳定性显著受损。扇贝还受到氧化应激的影响，谷胱甘肽水平显著降低，脂质过氧化作用增强。急性石油暴露消退后，未观察到免疫功能的恢复，表明可能存在长期亚致死效应。
