Contech Enterprises Inc., Delta, Canada.
Pest Manag Sci. 2010 Oct;66(10):1116-21. doi: 10.1002/ps.1988.
The obliquebanded leafroller, Choristoneura rosaceana Harris, and the cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni Hübner, are serious fruit and vegetable pests requiring multiple insecticide applications per year. To reduce non-target exposure to hazardous insecticides and to curb resistance development, alternative controls are required. Accordingly, a selection of 17 essential oils was screened against both lepidopteran pests, and the influence of azinphos-methyl resistance on essential oil toxicity to C. rosaceana was studied.
Of the 17 essential oils screened, patchouli oil (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) and thyme oil (Thymus vulgaris L.) were selected for further testing against C. rosaceana, whereas patchouli oil, garlic oil (Allium sativum L.) and lemongrass oil (Cymopogon nardus L.) were selected for further testing against T. ni. LC(50) and LD(50) values confirmed that patchouli oil was the most toxic to C. rosaceana larvae, with LC(50) = 2.8 µL mL(-1) and LD(50) = 8.0 µg insect(-1). Garlic oil was the most toxic oil to T. ni larvae with LC(50) = 3.3 µL mL(-1) and LD(50) = 22.7 µg insect(-1), followed by patchouli oil and lemongrass oil. Azinphos-methyl-resistant leafrollers were 1.5-fold more tolerant to patchouli oil and 2.0-fold more tolerant to thyme oil.
Based on these results, patchouli oil and other essential oils have sufficient efficacy to be considered as components of an essential oil-based insecticide that targets these lepidopteran pests.
斜纹夜蛾（Choristoneura rosaceana Harris）和菜粉蝶（Trichoplusia ni Hübner）是严重的水果和蔬菜害虫，每年需要多次使用杀虫剂。为了减少非目标暴露于危险杀虫剂并遏制抗药性的发展，需要替代控制。因此，筛选了 17 种精油来防治这两种鳞翅目害虫，并研究了对硫磷抗性对斜纹夜蛾精油毒性的影响。
在所筛选的 17 种精油中，选取了广藿香油（Pogostemon cablin Benth.）和百里香油（Thymus vulgaris L.）进一步测试对 C. rosaceana 的效果，而选取了广藿香油、大蒜油（Allium sativum L.）和柠檬草油（Cymopogon nardus L.）进一步测试对 T. ni 的效果。LC（50）和 LD（50）值证实，广藿香油对 C. rosaceana 幼虫毒性最强，LC（50）=2.8µL mL（-1），LD（50）=8.0µg 昆虫（-1）。大蒜油对 T. ni 幼虫毒性最强，LC（50）=3.3µL mL（-1），LD（50）=22.7µg 昆虫（-1），其次是广藿香油和柠檬草油。对硫磷抗性的卷叶蛾对广藿香油的耐受性提高了 1.5 倍，对百里香油的耐受性提高了 2.0 倍。
基于这些结果，广藿香油和其他精油具有足够的功效，可以考虑作为针对这些鳞翅目害虫的基于精油的杀虫剂的成分。
