Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.
BMC Public Health. 2010 Jul 26;10:438. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-10-438.
Despite India's recent economic growth, health and human development indicators of Scheduled Tribes (ST) or Adivasi (India's indigenous populations) lag behind national averages. The aim of this review was to identify the public health interventions or components of these interventions that are effective in reducing morbidity or mortality rates and reducing risks of ill health among ST populations in India, in order to inform policy and to identify important research gaps.
We systematically searched and assessed peer-reviewed literature on evaluations or intervention studies of a population health intervention undertaken with an ST population or in a tribal area, with a population health outcome(s), and involving primary data collection.
The evidence compiled in this review revealed three issues that promote effective public health interventions with STs: (1) to develop and implement interventions that are low-cost, give rapid results and can be easily administered, (2): a multi-pronged approach, and (3): involve ST populations in the intervention.
While there is a growing body of knowledge on the health needs of STs, there is a paucity of data on how we can address these needs. We provide suggestions on how to undertake future population health intervention research with ST populations and offer priority research avenues that will help to address our knowledge gap in this area.
尽管印度最近经济增长，但在册部落（ST）或阿迪瓦西人（印度土著人口）的健康和人类发展指标仍落后于全国平均水平。本综述的目的是确定有效的公共卫生干预措施或这些干预措施的组成部分，以降低印度 ST 人群的发病率或死亡率，并降低其健康风险，从而为政策提供信息，并确定重要的研究空白。
我们系统地搜索和评估了对针对 ST 人群或在部落地区进行的、具有人口健康结果的、涉及原始数据收集的人口健康干预措施的评估或干预研究的同行评议文献。
本综述中汇集的证据揭示了促进与 ST 人群进行有效公共卫生干预的三个问题：（1）制定和实施低成本、快速见效且易于管理的干预措施，（2）采取多管齐下的方法，以及（3）让 ST 人群参与干预。
虽然我们对 ST 人群的健康需求有了越来越多的了解，但关于如何满足这些需求的数据却很少。我们就如何针对 ST 人群开展未来的人口健康干预研究提供了建议，并提出了优先研究途径，以帮助我们填补这一领域的知识空白。
