Yu H, Harris R E, Gao Y T, Gao R, Wynder E L
American Health Foundation, New York 10017.
Int J Epidemiol. 1991 Mar;20(1):76-81. doi: 10.1093/ije/20.1.76.
Incidence rates of cancers of the colon, rectum, female breast, and prostate were compared among native Chinese (Shanghai), Chinese-American, and American populations. Americans had fourfold higher age-adjusted rates of colon cancer, and twofold higher rates of rectal cancer than Chinese, which is consistent with elevated per capita intake of fat and lower intake of cereals and vegetables in the US. Incidence rates of colon and rectal cancers in Chinese-Americans were nearly equal to the American rates, suggesting that the risk for tumour development in the lower intestinal tract is rapidly increased with transition to the US diet. Rates of prostate cancer and postmenopausal breast cancer were 26-fold and tenfold higher in Americans than in Chinese, whereas the rates for Chinese-Americans were intermediate. Environmental factors such as dietary fat apparently had a more gradual effect in promoting cancers of the breast and prostate relative to their influence on neoplasms of the lower intestinal tract.
对中国本土人群（上海）、华裔美国人和美国人群中结肠癌、直肠癌、女性乳腺癌和前列腺癌的发病率进行了比较。美国人的年龄调整后结肠癌发病率是中国人的四倍，直肠癌发病率是中国人的两倍，这与美国人均脂肪摄入量较高、谷物和蔬菜摄入量较低相一致。华裔美国人的结肠癌和直肠癌发病率几乎与美国人相当，这表明随着饮食转变为美国饮食，下肠道肿瘤发生的风险迅速增加。美国人的前列腺癌和绝经后乳腺癌发病率分别比中国人高26倍和10倍，而华裔美国人的发病率则介于两者之间。饮食脂肪等环境因素在促进乳腺癌和前列腺癌方面的作用显然比其对下肠道肿瘤的影响更为渐进。
