Brechot C, Kremsdorf D, Soussan P, Pineau P, Dejean A, Paterlini-Brechot P, Tiollais P
Inserm U785, Liver Hepatology centre, Paul Brousse Hospital, university Paris-XI, 12, avenue Paul-Vaillant-Couturier, 94804 Villejuif cedex 15, France.
Pathol Biol (Paris). 2010 Aug;58(4):278-87. doi: 10.1016/j.patbio.2010.05.001. Epub 2010 Jul 27.
Chronic hepatitis B (HBV) infection is a major risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Most HCCs complicate the evolution of an active or inactive cirrhosis. However, some tumors occur on livers with minimal histological changes; the prevalence of such cases varies from one geographical region to the other, being much higher in the Southern half of Africa (around 40% of HCCs) than in Asia, America and Europe, where at least 90% of HCCs are associated in the cirrhosis. This heterogeneity is probably a reflection of different environmental and genetic factors. This review will summarise the current knowledge on the mechanisms involved in HBV-related liver carcinogenesis. It will show in particular how viruses can be viewed as tools to discover and dissect new cellular pathways involved in cancer development and emphasize the potential synergistic effects between HBV and hepatitis C virus (HCV), as well as between viral infections and other environmental factors, such as alcohol.
慢性乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染是肝细胞癌（HCC）的主要危险因素。大多数肝细胞癌是在活动性或非活动性肝硬化的基础上发生的。然而，一些肿瘤发生在组织学变化极小的肝脏上；此类病例的发生率因地理区域而异，在非洲南部地区（约占肝细胞癌的40%）比在亚洲、美洲和欧洲要高得多，在亚洲、美洲和欧洲，至少90%的肝细胞癌与肝硬化有关。这种异质性可能反映了不同的环境和遗传因素。本综述将总结目前关于HBV相关肝癌发生机制的知识。尤其将展示如何将病毒视为发现和剖析参与癌症发展的新细胞途径的工具，并强调HBV与丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）之间以及病毒感染与其他环境因素（如酒精）之间潜在的协同效应。
