Romanelli Luiz Cláudio Ferreira, Caramelli Paulo, Proietti Anna Barbara de Freitas Carneiro
Instituto de Previdência Social do Estado de Minas Gerais.
Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992). 2010 May-Jun;56(3):340-7. doi: 10.1590/s0104-42302010000300021.
Human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) infections have occurred for thousands of years. However, knowledge about their pathogenesis is recent. The virus is endemic in several regions around the world. In Brazil, it is present in all states at varying prevalence rates and it has been estimated that around 2.5 million Brazilians are infected. Genetic and immunological parameters of the host are the most important determinants of the clinical manifestations associated with infection. These can be divided into three categories: neoplastic, inflammatory and infectious. HTLV-associated myelopathy (HAM/TSP) and adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) were the first diseases to be related to this retrovirus. More recently, countless other diseases have been correlated with the virus. The objective of this review is to provide an update on epidemiological, pathophysiologic, therapeutic and, primarily, diagnostic knowledge about HTLV, in order to encourage etiologic suspicion of HTLV in all its diverse clinical manifestations, which are currently rarely associated with this agent.
人类嗜T细胞病毒（HTLV）感染已存在数千年。然而，关于其发病机制的认识却是最近才有的。该病毒在世界上的几个地区呈地方性流行。在巴西，所有州均有该病毒存在，流行率各不相同，据估计约有250万巴西人受到感染。宿主的遗传和免疫参数是与感染相关的临床表现的最重要决定因素。这些可分为三类：肿瘤性、炎症性和感染性。HTLV相关脊髓病（HAM/TSP）和成人T细胞白血病/淋巴瘤（ATLL）是最早与这种逆转录病毒相关的疾病。最近，无数其他疾病也与该病毒相关。本综述的目的是提供关于HTLV的流行病学、病理生理学、治疗，主要是诊断方面知识的最新情况，以促使人们对HTLV在其所有不同临床表现中的病因产生怀疑，而目前这些临床表现很少与该病原体相关联。
