Programme interfacultaire de doctorat en santé communautaire, Faculté des sciences infirmières et Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, Canada.
Int Breastfeed J. 2010 Aug 8;5:8. doi: 10.1186/1746-4358-5-8.
The practice of exclusive breastfeeding depends on various factors related to both mothers and their environment, including the services delivered by health professionals. It is known that support and counseling by health professionals can improve rates, early initiation and total duration of breastfeeding, particularly exclusive breastfeeding. Mothers' decisions are influenced by health professionals' advice. However, in Niger the practice of exclusive breastfeeding is almost non-existent.The purpose of this exploratory study, of which some results are presented here, was to document health professionals' attitudes and practices with regard to exclusive breastfeeding promotion in hospital settings in the urban community of Niamey, Niger.
Fieldwork was conducted in Niamey, Niger. A qualitative approach was employed. Health professionals' practices were observed in a sample of frontline public healthcare facilities.
The field observation results presented here indicate that exclusive breastfeeding is not promoted in healthcare facilities because the health professionals do not encourage it and their practices are inappropriate. Some still have limited knowledge or are misinformed about this practice or do not believe in it. They do not systematically discuss exclusive breastfeeding with mothers, or they mention it only briefly and without giving any explanation. Worse still, some encourage the use of breast milk substitutes, which are frequently promoted in healthcare facilities. Thus mothers often receive contradictory messages.
The results suggest the need to train or retrain health professionals with regard to exclusive breastfeeding, and regularly supervise their activities.
纯母乳喂养的实践取决于与母亲及其环境相关的各种因素，包括卫生专业人员提供的服务。众所周知，卫生专业人员的支持和咨询可以提高母乳喂养率、尽早开始和总持续时间，特别是纯母乳喂养率。母亲的决定受到卫生专业人员建议的影响。然而，在尼日尔，纯母乳喂养的做法几乎不存在。本探索性研究的目的，其中部分结果在此呈现，是记录卫生专业人员在尼日尔首都尼亚美城市社区的医院环境中推广纯母乳喂养的态度和做法。
在尼日尔尼亚美市进行实地工作。采用定性方法。观察了一线公共保健设施中卫生专业人员的做法。
这里呈现的实地观察结果表明，由于卫生专业人员不鼓励母乳喂养，并且他们的做法不恰当，因此在医疗保健机构中没有推广纯母乳喂养。一些人对这种做法的了解有限或存在误解，或者不相信它。他们没有与母亲系统地讨论纯母乳喂养，或者只是简单地提及，没有给出任何解释。更糟糕的是，一些人鼓励使用母乳代用品，这些代用品在医疗保健机构中经常被推广。因此，母亲经常收到相互矛盾的信息。
结果表明有必要对卫生专业人员进行纯母乳喂养方面的培训或再培训，并定期监督他们的活动。
