Department of Veterinary Surgery & Radiology, West Bengal University of Animal & Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, India.
Indian J Med Res. 2010 Jul;132:15-30.
Treatment of delayed union, malunion, and nonunion is a challenge to the orthopaedic surgeons in veterinary and human fields. Apart from restoration of alignment and stable fixation, in many cases adjunctive measures such as bone-grafting or use of bone-graft substitutes are of paramount importance. Bone-graft materials usually have one or more components: an osteoconductive matrix, which acts as scaffold to new bone growth; osteoinductive proteins, which support mitogenesis of undifferentiated cells; and osteogenic cells, which are capable of forming bone in the appropriate environment. Autologous bone remains the "gold standard" for stimulating bone repair and regeneration, but its availability may be limited and the procedure to harvest the material is associated with complications. Bone-graft substitutes can either substitute autologous bone graft or expand an existing amount of autologous bone graft. We review the currently available bone graft and graft substitutes for the novel therapeutic approaches in clinical setting of orthopaedic surgery.
治疗延迟愈合、畸形愈合和不愈合是兽医和人医领域骨科医生面临的挑战。除了恢复对线和稳定固定外，在许多情况下，附加措施如植骨或使用骨替代物至关重要。骨移植材料通常具有一个或多个成分：骨传导基质，作为新骨生长的支架；骨诱导蛋白，支持未分化细胞的有丝分裂；和成骨细胞，能够在适当的环境中形成骨。自体骨仍然是刺激骨修复和再生的“金标准”，但其可用性可能有限，且采集材料的过程会伴有并发症。骨替代物可以替代自体骨移植或扩大现有的自体骨移植量。我们回顾了目前可用于骨科手术临床新治疗方法的骨移植和移植替代物。
