Theresienkrankenhaus Mannheim, Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
Injury. 2011 Sep;42 Suppl 2:S16-21. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2011.06.199. Epub 2011 Sep 1.
Autologous bone is used very often in the treatment of fresh fractures, delayed unions and non-unions. Alternatives have included allografts and in recent years also demineralized bone matrix. The growing availability of good synthetic bone grafts and their advantages in safety and avoiding donor-site morbidity are the reasons that these products are being used more and more. There are on the market a wide variety of substitutes with different capabilities. Nevertheless autologous bone graft is still considered as the gold standard and will be discussed here in that context. Osteoconductive, osteogenic and osteoinductive products will also be classified and their advantages and disadvantages described.
自体骨在治疗新鲜骨折、延迟愈合和不愈合方面经常被使用。替代物包括同种异体移植物，近年来还包括脱矿骨基质。优质合成骨移植物的可用性不断增加，以及它们在安全性和避免供体部位发病率方面的优势，是这些产品越来越多地被使用的原因。市场上有各种各样具有不同性能的替代品。然而，自体骨移植物仍然被认为是金标准，将在这一背景下进行讨论。本文还将对具有成骨、成血管和诱导成骨活性的产品进行分类，并描述它们的优缺点。
