Damien C J, Parsons J R
George L. Schultz Laboratories for Orthopaedic Research, Department of Surgery, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, Newark 07103.
J Appl Biomater. 1991 Fall;2(3):187-208. doi: 10.1002/jab.770020307.
The morbidity associated with autogenous bone graft harvest and the recent concern regarding the transmission of live virus through use of allografts, have been the impetus for research into a variety of materials that could take the place of these standard materials for bone grafting. The positive results reported with various ceramics and/or bone derivatives suggest the possibility of a material with osteoconductive and/or osteoinductive properties for use with or in place of bone graft. This review discusses a variety of bone graft and bone graft substitute materials. Among the osteoconductive materials outlined are the hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate ceramics as well as some reportedly osteoactive polymers. While osteoconduction is a favorable quality, much interest has focussed on the use of osteoinductive or osteogenic materials such as demineralized bone matrix or bone derivatives, that is, BMP, osteogenin, etc. It is increasingly apparent that these materials require a carrier vehicle for optimal expression of osteoactivity. Therefore, the review finishes with a comparison of the various materials suggested for use as carriers.
自体骨移植所带来的发病率以及近期对通过使用同种异体移植物传播活病毒的担忧，推动了对各种可替代这些标准骨移植材料的材料的研究。各种陶瓷和/或骨衍生物所报告的积极结果表明，有可能存在一种具有骨传导性和/或骨诱导性的材料，可用于或替代骨移植。本综述讨论了各种骨移植和骨移植替代材料。在所述的骨传导材料中，有羟基磷灰石和磷酸三钙陶瓷以及一些据报道具有骨活性的聚合物。虽然骨传导是一种有利的特性，但人们对使用骨诱导或成骨材料（如脱矿骨基质或骨衍生物，即骨形态发生蛋白、骨生成素等）的兴趣浓厚。越来越明显的是，这些材料需要载体才能实现骨活性的最佳表达。因此，综述最后比较了建议用作载体的各种材料。
