Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea.
Lasers Med Sci. 2011 Nov;26(6):767-76. doi: 10.1007/s10103-010-0819-4. Epub 2010 Aug 6.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the surface roughness (R(a)) and microscopic change to irradiated dental implant surfaces in vitro and ultimately to determine the proper pulse energy power and application time for the clinical use of Er:YAG lasers. Anodic oxidized surface implants and sand-blasted, large-grit, and acid-etched (SLA) surface implants were used. Each experimental group of implant surfaces included ten implants. Nine implants were used for the laser irradiation test groups and one for the control group. Each test group was equally divided into three subgroups by irradiated pulse energy power. Using an Er:YAG laser, each subgroup of anodic oxidized surface implants was split into 60-, 100-, and 140-mJ/pulse groups, with each subgroup of SLA surface implants irradiated with a 100-, 140-, or 180-mJ/pulse. Three implants in every test subgroup were respectively irradiated for 1, 1.5, and 2 min. The R(a) values for each specimen were recorded and every specimen was observed by SEM. Irradiation by Er:YAG laser led to a decrease in implant surface roughness that was not statistically significant. In anodic oxidized surfaces, the oxidized layer peeled off of the surface, and cracks appeared on implant surfaces in the 100- and 140-mJ/pulse subgroups. However, with SLA surfaces, no significant change in surface texture could be found on any implant surface in the 100- and 140-mJ/pulse subgroups. The melting and fusion phenomena of implant surfaces were observed with all application times with 180 mJ/pulse irradiation. The SLA implant surfaces are stable with laser intensities of less than 140 mJ/pulse and an irradiation time of less than 2 min. The anodic oxidized surfaces were not stable with laser intensities of 100 mJ/pulse when an Er:YAG laser was used to detoxify implant surfaces.
本研究旨在评估体外辐照牙科种植体表面的粗糙度（Ra）和微观变化，并最终确定 Er:YAG 激光临床应用的合适脉冲能量功率和应用时间。使用阳极氧化表面种植体和喷砂、大粒度、酸蚀（SLA）表面种植体。每个实验组的种植体表面包括十个种植体。九个种植体用于激光照射实验组，一个用于对照组。每个实验组的种植体表面按照射脉冲能量功率分为三组。使用 Er:YAG 激光，将阳极氧化表面种植体的每个亚组分为 60、100 和 140mJ/脉冲组，每个 SLA 表面种植体亚组的照射脉冲能量为 100、140 或 180mJ/脉冲。每个测试亚组中的三个种植体分别照射 1、1.5 和 2 分钟。记录每个标本的 Ra 值，并通过 SEM 观察每个标本。Er:YAG 激光照射导致种植体表面粗糙度降低，但无统计学意义。在阳极氧化表面，氧化层从表面剥落，在 100 和 140mJ/脉冲亚组的种植体表面出现裂纹。然而，在 SLA 表面，在 100 和 140mJ/脉冲亚组的任何种植体表面都没有发现明显的表面纹理变化。在 180mJ/脉冲照射时，观察到所有应用时间的种植体表面的熔化和熔融现象。当激光强度小于 140mJ/脉冲且照射时间小于 2 分钟时，SLA 种植体表面稳定。当使用 Er:YAG 激光对种植体表面进行解毒时，阳极氧化表面在 100mJ/脉冲的激光强度下不稳定。
