US Naval Medical Research Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt.
J Infect Public Health. 2010;3(2):54-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jiph.2009.11.002. Epub 2010 May 26.
We conducted a prospective cohort study to determine prevalence and incidence of West Nile virus (WNV) in Egypt. Cohorts were established in Upper (UE), Middle (ME), and Lower (LE) Egypt. Additionally, a cross-sectional serosurvey was performed in the North (NS) and South (SS) Sinai. Cohorts were bled initially and 1 year later. Sera were tested for WNV-IgG by ELISA and positive sera were confirmed by plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT). Sentinel chicken flocks placed in the above sites were bled monthly for virus isolation and serology. Mosquitoes were collected monthly from the above sites and tested for WNV. Human seroprevalence rates were 35%, 27%, 14%, 1% and 7% in UE, ME, LE, NS and SS, respectively. Seroconversion rates were 18%, 17% and 7% in UE, ME and LE, respectively; 49% of the seroconverters reported undiagnosed febrile illness. Sentinel chickens showed seroconversion in all study sites. WNV was isolated from both sentinel chickens and mosquitoes in cohort sites. This study demonstrates that WNV was actively circulating during the study period in different areas in Egypt and causing febrile illness in a considerable proportion of individuals in the study sites.
我们进行了一项前瞻性队列研究，以确定埃及西尼罗河病毒（WNV）的流行率和发病率。队列分别在埃及上、中、下（UE、ME、LE）部设立。此外，还在北（NS）和南（SS）西奈半岛进行了横断面血清学调查。队列最初和 1 年后进行采血。血清通过 ELISA 检测 WNV-IgG，阳性血清通过蚀斑减少中和试验（PRNT）进行确认。放置在上述地点的哨兵鸡群每月采血进行病毒分离和血清学检测。每月从上述地点采集蚊虫并检测 WNV。UE、ME、LE、NS 和 SS 的人群血清阳性率分别为 35%、27%、14%、1%和 7%。UE、ME 和 LE 的血清转化率分别为 18%、17%和 7%；49%的血清转化率报告有未经诊断的发热性疾病。哨兵鸡在所有研究地点均出现血清转换。WNV 从队列地点的哨兵鸡和蚊子中分离出来。本研究表明，WNV 在研究期间在埃及不同地区活跃传播，并导致研究地点相当一部分人出现发热性疾病。
