癌症免疫疗法的趋势。
Trends in cancer immunotherapy.
机构信息
Department of Surgery, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Adelaide and Meath incorporating the National Children's Hospital, Tallaght, Dublin 24, Ireland.
出版信息
Clin Med Insights Oncol. 2010 Jul 14;4:67-80. doi: 10.4137/cmo.s4795.
Modulation of the immune system for therapeutic ends has a long history, stretching back to Edward Jenner's use of cowpox to induce immunity to smallpox in 1796. Since then, immunotherapy, in the form of prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines, has enabled doctors to treat and prevent a variety of infectious diseases, including cholera, poliomyelitis, diphtheria, measles and mumps. Immunotherapy is now increasingly being applied to oncology. Cancer immunotherapy attempts to harness the power and specificity of the immune system for the treatment of malignancy. Although cancer cells are less immunogenic than pathogens, the immune system is capable of recognizing and eliminating tumor cells. However, tumors frequently interfere with the development and function of immune responses. Thus, the challenge for cancer immunotherapy is to apply advances in cellular and molecular immunology and develop strategies that effectively and safely augment antitumor responses.
为了治疗目的而调节免疫系统有着悠久的历史，可以追溯到爱德华·詹纳（Edward Jenner）在 1796 年使用牛痘来诱导对天花的免疫力。从那时起，免疫疗法以预防和治疗疫苗的形式，使医生能够治疗和预防各种传染病，包括霍乱、脊髓灰质炎、白喉、麻疹和风疹。免疫疗法现在越来越多地应用于肿瘤学。癌症免疫疗法试图利用免疫系统的力量和特异性来治疗恶性肿瘤。尽管癌细胞的免疫原性不如病原体，但免疫系统能够识别和消除肿瘤细胞。然而，肿瘤经常干扰免疫反应的发展和功能。因此，癌症免疫疗法的挑战是应用细胞和分子免疫学的进展，并制定出有效和安全地增强抗肿瘤反应的策略。
Zotero 插件