瑞典日常吸烟者对尼古丁、尼古丁替代疗法产品和瑞典口含烟的危害认知
Harm perception among Swedish daily smokers regarding nicotine, NRT-products and Swedish Snus.
作者信息
Wikmans Tom, Ramström Lars
机构信息
Research Group for Societal and Information Studies (FSI), Ingemarsgatan 4B, Stockholm, Sweden.
出版信息
Tob Induc Dis. 2010 Aug 13;8(1):9. doi: 10.1186/1617-9625-8-9.
BACKGROUND
In Sweden NRT-products and Snus, are easily available and used as smoking cessation aids. However, most quit attempts are made without any cessation aids. The limited use of these products as cessation aids may be influenced by the way smokers perceive the harmfulness of NRT-products and Snus compared to smoking. The present study examines these perceptions and their association with perceptions of the harmfulness of nicotine itself.
METHODS
The study is based on the Swedish part of a two-nation web-based survey of daily smokers in Sweden (n = 1016) and Norway (n = 1000). Questionnaire items addressed perceptions of NRT-products' and Snus' harmfulness and nicotine's part of the health risks of smoking. Data analyses included cross-tabulations and logistic regressions.
RESULTS
A majority, 59% of the answers to the question about harmfulness of NRT-products, and 75% of the answers about harmfulness of Snus, were inconsistent with the scientific evidence by demonstrating exaggerated perceptions of harmfulness. The strongest predictor of consistent answers was the perception of the harmfulness of nicotine. There were also significant associations with own experience of successful use of the products in question. Overall the perceptions of the harmfulness of nicotine were considerably exaggerated. This pattern was more pronounced among women than men. Prevailing misperceptions may be related to the way that different tobacco and nicotine products are presented in the media and other publicly available information sources.
CONCLUSIONS
Public information about smoking and health should be expanded to include objective and unambiguous information regarding nicotine's part in the harmfulness of smoking and the harmfulness of different nicotine-containing products compared to smoking.This is essential in order to preclude that misperceptions regarding these matters could discourage smokers from adopting effective cessation practices with use of nicotine-containing aids.
背景
在瑞典，非尼古丁替代疗法（NRT）产品和口含烟很容易获得，并被用作戒烟辅助工具。然而，大多数戒烟尝试都是在没有任何戒烟辅助工具的情况下进行的。这些产品作为戒烟辅助工具的使用有限，可能受到吸烟者对NRT产品和口含烟与吸烟相比的危害感知方式的影响。本研究考察了这些认知及其与对尼古丁本身危害的认知之间的关联。
方法
该研究基于一项对瑞典（n = 1016）和挪威（n = 1000）的日常吸烟者进行的两国网络调查的瑞典部分。问卷项目涉及对NRT产品和口含烟危害的认知以及尼古丁在吸烟健康风险中的作用。数据分析包括交叉表分析和逻辑回归。
结果
关于NRT产品危害问题的回答中，59%的答案，以及关于口含烟危害问题的回答中，75%的答案与科学证据不一致，表现出对危害的夸大认知。一致答案的最强预测因素是对尼古丁危害的认知。与所讨论产品的成功使用自身经历也存在显著关联。总体而言，对尼古丁危害的认知被大幅夸大。这种模式在女性中比在男性中更明显。普遍存在的误解可能与不同烟草和尼古丁产品在媒体及其他公开信息来源中的呈现方式有关。
结论
关于吸烟与健康的公共信息应加以扩展，以纳入关于尼古丁在吸烟危害中的作用以及不同含尼古丁产品与吸烟相比的危害的客观明确信息。这对于避免关于这些问题的误解阻碍吸烟者采用含尼古丁辅助工具进行有效戒烟至关重要。
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