Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
J Pediatr (Rio J). 2010 Jul-Aug;86(4):317-24. doi: 10.2223/JPED.2016.
To present the breastfeeding (BF) indicators obtained in the Second Survey on Prevalence of Breastfeeding in the Brazilian Capitals and the Federal District and to analyze their evolution from 1999 to 2008.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in children younger than 1 year old who participated in the second phase of the multivaccination campaign in 2008. We used two-stage cluster sampling. The questionnaire consisted of closed questions, including data on consumption of breast milk, other types of milk, and other foods on the day prior to the survey. We analyzed the prevalence of BF in the first hour of life; exclusive BF in children younger than 6 months; BF in children aged 9 to 12 months; and medians of exclusive BF and BF. The time variation of BF was established by comparing the medians of exclusive BF and BF in 1999 and 2008.
We obtained data from 34,366 children. We found that 67.7% (95%CI 66.7-68.8) of the children were breastfed in the first hour of life; the prevalence of exclusive BF in children aged 0 to 6 months was 41% (95%CI 39.7-42.4), while the prevalence of BF in children aged 9 to 12 months was 58.7% (95%CI 56.8-60.7). There was an increase of 30.7 days in the median duration of exclusive BF and 45.7 days in the median of BF.
There was a significant improvement in the breastfeeding prevalence in the last decade. However, further efforts are required so that Brazil can reach BF rates compatible with the recommendations of the World Health Organization.
介绍 2008 年巴西首都和联邦区第二次母乳喂养流行情况调查中获得的母乳喂养（BF）指标，并分析其在 1999 年至 2008 年间的变化情况。
这是一项在 2008 年多疫苗接种运动第二阶段参与的 1 岁以下儿童中进行的横断面研究。采用两阶段聚类抽样方法。调查问卷采用封闭式问题，包括前一天母乳、其他类型的牛奶和其他食物的消费数据。我们分析了生命头一个小时内 BF 的流行率；6 个月以下儿童的纯 BF；9 至 12 个月儿童的 BF；以及纯 BF 和 BF 的中位数。通过比较 1999 年和 2008 年纯 BF 和 BF 的中位数来确定 BF 的时间变化情况。
我们共获得了 34366 名儿童的数据。我们发现，67.7%（95%CI 66.7-68.8）的儿童在生命头一个小时内接受了 BF；0 至 6 个月儿童的纯 BF 流行率为 41%（95%CI 39.7-42.4），而 9 至 12 个月儿童的 BF 流行率为 58.7%（95%CI 56.8-60.7）。纯 BF 的中位数持续时间增加了 30.7 天，BF 的中位数增加了 45.7 天。
在过去的十年中，BF 的流行率显著提高。然而，仍需要进一步努力，以使巴西能够达到与世界卫生组织建议相匹配的 BF 率。
