Dulbecco-Telethon Institute, Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padua, Italy.
EMBO J. 2010 Aug 18;29(16):2715-23. doi: 10.1038/emboj.2010.177.
Organelle localization is often crucial to properly modulate cellular functions and signalling cascades. For example, the distribution of organelles in axons is crucial for their function and is dysregulated in several diseases. Similarly, relative positioning of two or more organelles is also important to perform certain specialized processes. Perhaps, the best-known form of interorganellar organization is that between endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria. Close communication between these two compartments has been observed for a long time. Recent evidence suggests that this is the basis for a bidirectional communication regulating a number of physiological processes ranging from mitochondrial energy and lipid metabolism to Ca(2+) signalling and cell death. The recent discovery of some of the molecular mediators of the tethering already allowed to extend the function of this paradigmatic spatial organization to previously unexpected functions, and will foster future research to explore it in cellular signalling cascades as well as in disease.
细胞器的定位对于适当调节细胞功能和信号级联反应通常是至关重要的。例如，细胞器在轴突中的分布对于它们的功能至关重要，并且在几种疾病中失调。同样，两个或更多细胞器的相对位置对于执行某些特定过程也很重要。也许，细胞器之间组织的最著名形式是内质网（ER）和线粒体之间的组织。这两个隔室之间的密切通讯已经观察到很长时间了。最近的证据表明，这是调节从线粒体能量和脂质代谢到 Ca（2+）信号转导和细胞死亡等多种生理过程的双向通讯的基础。最近发现一些连接的分子介质已经允许将这种典范的空间组织的功能扩展到以前意想不到的功能，并且将促进未来的研究以在细胞信号级联反应以及疾病中探索它。
