Diabetes Research, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 5WW.
BMJ. 2010 Aug 18;341:c4229. doi: 10.1136/bmj.c4229.
To investigate the independent effects of intake of fruit and vegetables on incidence of type 2 diabetes.
Systematic review and meta-analysis.
Medline, Embase, CINAHL, British Nursing Index (BNI), and the Cochrane library were searched for medical subject headings and keywords on diabetes, prediabetes, fruit, and vegetables. Expert opinions were sought and reference lists of relevant articles checked.
Prospective cohort studies with an independent measure of intake of fruit, vegetables, or fruit and vegetables and data on incidence of type 2 diabetes.
Six studies met the inclusion criteria; four of these studies also provided separate information on the consumption of green leafy vegetables. Summary estimates showed that greater intake of green leafy vegetables was associated with a 14% (hazard ratio 0.86, 95% confidence interval 0.77 to 0.97) reduction in risk of type 2 diabetes (P=0.01). The summary estimates showed no significant benefits of increasing the consumption of vegetables, fruit, or fruit and vegetables combined.
Increasing daily intake of green leafy vegetables could significantly reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes and should be investigated further.
研究摄入水果和蔬菜对 2 型糖尿病发病的独立影响。
系统评价和荟萃分析。
使用糖尿病、前驱糖尿病、水果和蔬菜等医学主题词和关键词，检索 Medline、Embase、CINAHL、英国护理索引（BNI）和 Cochrane 图书馆。征求专家意见，并查阅相关文章的参考文献。
具有水果、蔬菜或水果和蔬菜摄入量独立测量值以及 2 型糖尿病发病数据的前瞻性队列研究。
符合纳入标准的研究有 6 项，其中 4 项还提供了绿叶蔬菜摄入量的单独信息。汇总估计显示，大量食用绿叶蔬菜与 2 型糖尿病风险降低 14%（风险比 0.86，95%置信区间 0.77 至 0.97）相关（P=0.01）。汇总估计显示，增加蔬菜、水果或水果和蔬菜的摄入量没有显著益处。
增加绿叶蔬菜的日常摄入量可能显著降低 2 型糖尿病的风险，应进一步研究。
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