美国养老院护理助理遭受的工作场所袭击：一项多层次分析。
Workplace assaults on nursing assistants in US nursing homes: a multilevel analysis.
机构信息
Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 2010 Oct;100(10):1938-45. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2009.185421. Epub 2010 Aug 19.
OBJECTIVES
We examined risk factors for injuries to nursing assistants from assaults by nursing home residents at both the individual and the organizational level.
METHODS
We analyzed data from the 2004 National Nursing Assistant Survey that were linked to facility information from the 2004 National Nursing Home Survey by use of multilevel modeling that accounted for the complex survey design effect.
RESULTS
Thirty-four percent of nursing assistants surveyed reported experiencing physical injuries from residents' aggression in the previous year. Mandatory overtime (odds ratio [OR] = 1.65; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.22, 2.24) and not having enough time to assist residents with their activities of daily living (OR = 1.49; 95% CI = 1.25, 1.78) were strongly associated with experiencing injuries from assaults. Nursing assistants employed in nursing homes with Alzheimer care units were more likely to experience such injuries, including being bitten by residents.
CONCLUSIONS
Reducing mandatory overtime and having a less demanding workload may reduce the risk of workplace violence. In particular, prevention activities should be targeted at those nursing homes that care for cognitively impaired patients.
目的
我们在个体和组织层面上研究了养老院居民袭击对护工造成伤害的风险因素。
方法
我们分析了 2004 年全国护工调查的数据，这些数据通过多水平模型与 2004 年全国养老院调查的设施信息相关联，该模型考虑了复杂的调查设计效果。
结果
接受调查的护工中，有 34%的人报告说在过去一年中因居民的攻击行为而遭受身体伤害。强制加班（比值比 [OR] = 1.65；95%置信区间 [CI] = 1.22, 2.24）和没有足够的时间帮助居民进行日常生活活动（OR = 1.49；95% CI = 1.25, 1.78）与遭受袭击造成的伤害密切相关。在设有阿尔茨海默病护理单元的养老院工作的护工更有可能遭受此类伤害，包括被居民咬伤。
结论
减少强制加班和降低工作负荷可能会降低工作场所暴力的风险。特别是，预防活动应针对那些照顾认知障碍患者的养老院。
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