Scolari F, Siciliano P, Gabrieli P, Gomulski L M, Bonomi A, Gasperi G, Malacrida A R
Department of Animal Biology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
Genetica. 2011 Jan;139(1):41-52. doi: 10.1007/s10709-010-9483-7. Epub 2010 Aug 20.
Insect transgenesis is continuously being improved to increase the efficacy of population suppression and replacement strategies directed to the control of insect species of economic and sanitary interest. An essential prerequisite for the success of both pest control applications is that the fitness of the transformant individuals is not impaired, so that, once released in the field, they can efficiently compete with or even out-compete their wild-type counterparts for matings in order to reduce the population size, or to spread desirable genes into the target population. Recent research has shown that the production of fit and competitive transformants can now be achieved and that transgenes may not necessarily confer a fitness cost. In this article we review the most recent published results of the fitness assessment of different transgenic insect lines and underline the necessity to fulfill key requirements of ecological safety. Fitness evaluation studies performed in field cages and medium/large-scale rearing will validate the present encouraging laboratory results, giving an indication of the performance of the transgenic insect genotype after release in pest control programmes.
昆虫转基因技术正在不断改进，以提高针对具有经济和卫生意义的昆虫物种的种群抑制和替代策略的效果。这两种害虫防治应用成功的一个基本前提是，转化个体的适应性不会受到损害，这样，一旦释放到野外，它们就能有效地与野生型个体竞争，甚至在交配中胜出，从而减少种群数量，或将有益基因传播到目标种群中。最近的研究表明，现在可以培育出适应性良好且具有竞争力的转化体，而且转基因不一定会带来适应性代价。在本文中，我们回顾了不同转基因昆虫品系适应性评估的最新发表结果，并强调了满足生态安全关键要求的必要性。在田间网笼和中/大规模饲养中进行的适应性评估研究将验证目前令人鼓舞的实验室结果，为转基因昆虫基因型在害虫防治计划中释放后的表现提供参考。
