Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
J Proteomics. 2010 Oct 10;73(11):2147-57. doi: 10.1016/j.jprot.2010.08.003. Epub 2010 Aug 20.
Our understanding of biological processes as well as human diseases has improved greatly thanks to studies on model organisms such as yeast. The power of scientific approaches with yeast lies in its relatively simple genome, its facile classical and molecular genetics, as well as the evolutionary conservation of many basic biological mechanisms. However, even in this simple model organism, systems biology studies, especially proteomic studies had been an intimidating task. During the past decade, powerful high-throughput technologies in proteomic research have been developed for yeast including protein microarray technology. The protein microarray technology allows the interrogation of protein-protein, protein-DNA, protein-small molecule interaction networks as well as post-translational modification networks in a large-scale, high-throughput manner. With this technology, many groundbreaking findings have been established in studies with the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, most of which could have been unachievable with traditional approaches. Discovery of these networks has profound impact on explicating biological processes with a proteomic point of view, which may lead to a better understanding of normal biological phenomena as well as various human diseases.
由于对酵母等模式生物的研究，我们对生物过程和人类疾病的理解有了很大的提高。酵母之所以具有科学研究的强大力量，在于其相对简单的基因组、简便的经典和分子遗传学，以及许多基本生物学机制的进化保守性。然而，即使在这个简单的模式生物中，系统生物学研究，特别是蛋白质组学研究，一直是一项艰巨的任务。在过去的十年中，针对酵母的蛋白质组学研究中已经开发出了许多强大的高通量技术，包括蛋白质微阵列技术。蛋白质微阵列技术允许以大规模、高通量的方式检测蛋白质-蛋白质、蛋白质-DNA、蛋白质-小分子相互作用网络以及翻译后修饰网络。利用这项技术，在对出芽酵母酿酒酵母的研究中取得了许多突破性的发现，其中大部分发现是传统方法无法实现的。这些网络的发现对从蛋白质组学角度阐释生物过程产生了深远的影响，这可能有助于更好地理解正常的生物学现象以及各种人类疾病。
