Traffic and Roads, Department of Technology and Society, Faculty of Engineering LTH, Lund University, Box 118, 22100 Lund, Sweden.
Accid Anal Prev. 2010 Nov;42(6):1637-46. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2010.03.021. Epub 2010 May 5.
A traffic encounter between individual road users is a process of continuous interplay over time and space and may be seen as an elementary event with the potential to develop into an accident. This paper proposes a framework for organising all traffic encounters into a severity hierarchy based on some operational severity measure. A severity hierarchy provides a description of the safety situation and trade-off between safety and efficiency in the traffic system. As a first approach to study the encounter process, a set of indicators is proposed to describe an encounter. These indicators allow for a continuous description even if the relationship between the road users changes during the process (e.g., when they are on a collision course or leave it). Automated video analysis is suggested as a tool that will allow data collection for validation of the proposed theories.
个体道路使用者之间的交通相遇是一个随时间和空间不断相互作用的过程，可以被视为一个具有潜在发展为事故可能性的基本事件。本文提出了一个框架，根据一些操作严重程度度量标准，将所有交通相遇组织成一个严重程度层次结构。严重程度层次结构提供了对交通系统中安全状况和安全与效率之间权衡的描述。作为研究相遇过程的初步方法，提出了一组指标来描述一次相遇。这些指标允许进行连续描述，即使在过程中道路使用者之间的关系发生变化（例如，当他们处于碰撞轨迹或离开碰撞轨迹时）。建议使用自动化视频分析作为一种工具，该工具将允许收集数据以验证所提出的理论。
