Laboratoire de Biomécanique Appliquée UMRT24 INRETS/Université de la Méditerranée, Faculté de Médecine Nord, Bd Pierre Dramard, 13916 Marseille Cedex 20, France.
Accid Anal Prev. 2010 Nov;42(6):1943-8. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2010.05.016. Epub 2010 Jun 8.
This paper highlights the potential impact points of a child pedestrian during a crash with the front end of a vehicle. Child anthropometry was defined for ages between 3 and 15 years. It was based on the measurement of seven different segment body heights (knee, femur, pelvis, shoulder, neck, chin, vertex) performed on about 2,000 French children. For each dimension, the 5(th), 50(th) and 95(th) percentile values were reported, and the corresponding linear regression lines were given. Then these heights were confronted with three different vehicle shapes, corresponding to a passenger car, a sport utility vehicle and a light truck, to identify impact points. In particular, we show that the thigh is directly hit by the bumper for children above 12 years of age, whereas the head principally impacts the hood. The influence of child anthropometry on the pedestrian trajectory and the comparison with test procedures in regulation are discussed.
本文重点介绍了儿童在与车辆前端碰撞时的潜在碰撞点。儿童人体测量学的定义年龄在 3 至 15 岁之间。它基于对大约 2000 名法国儿童的 7 个不同部位（膝盖、股骨、骨盆、肩部、颈部、下巴、头顶）的测量。对于每个维度，报告了第 5、50 和 95 百分位值，并给出了相应的线性回归线。然后，将这些身高与三种不同的车辆形状进行对比，分别是乘用车、运动型多用途车和轻型卡车，以确定碰撞点。特别是，我们表明，对于 12 岁以上的儿童，大腿直接受到保险杠的冲击，而头部主要撞击发动机罩。本文还讨论了儿童人体测量学对行人轨迹的影响以及与法规中测试程序的比较。
