Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Douliu, Taiwan.
Traffic Inj Prev. 2010 Aug;11(4):334-41. doi: 10.1080/15389581003747522.
A study using simulator methodology was conducted to investigate the effects of (1) different blood alcohol concentrations (BAC) of 0, 0.05, 0.08, and 0.10 percent and (2) post-alcohol impairment (where BAC approximately 0%) on driving behavior and subsidiary cognitive task performance.
Two driving sessions were investigated, that is, drunk driving and post-alcohol driving, with each requiring approximately 20 min of driving. In addition to driving safely, participants were instructed to perform the critical flicker fusion (CFF) test and completed the NASA-TLX mental workload questionnaire. Eight licensed drivers (6 males, 2 females) participated in this 2 (road complexities) x 2 (simulated driving sessions) x 4 (levels of BAC) within-subjects experiment.
The study revealed that higher BAC levels were associated with lower performing driving behavior. The driver's mental workload reached the highest values in the post-alcohol session. In terms of tasks involving divided attention, the traffic sign distance estimation showed significant deterioration with increased BAC levels.
The relationship between drunk-driving behavior and alcohol dosage was supported in this study. Noticeably, no significant difference was found between drunk driving and post-alcohol driving, indicating that even in the post-alcohol situation, the impairment still remained significant enough to jeopardize traffic safety as much as it does in the case of drunk driving. In real-life situations, adopting a rest-time strategy to avoid post-alcohol impairment effects may not be the most appropriate solution by drivers; rather, drivers should be given some tests to verify the probability of post-alcohol effects on driving.
采用模拟器方法学进行了一项研究，旨在调查以下因素对驾驶行为和辅助认知任务表现的影响：（1）不同血液酒精浓度（BAC），分别为 0、0.05、0.08 和 0.10 ；（2）饮酒后损伤（BAC 约为 0%）。
研究了两种驾驶情况，即醉酒驾驶和饮酒后驾驶，每种情况大约需要 20 分钟的驾驶时间。除了安全驾驶外，参与者还被要求进行临界闪烁融合（CFF）测试并完成 NASA-TLX 心理工作量问卷。8 名持照驾驶员（6 名男性，2 名女性）参与了该 2（道路复杂度）x2（模拟驾驶阶段）x4（BAC 水平）的被试内实验。
研究表明，BAC 水平越高，驾驶行为表现越差。驾驶员的心理工作量在饮酒后阶段达到最高值。在涉及分散注意力的任务中，随着 BAC 水平的升高，交通标志距离估计的表现显著恶化。
本研究支持醉酒驾驶行为与酒精剂量之间的关系。值得注意的是，在醉酒驾驶和饮酒后驾驶之间未发现显著差异，这表明即使在饮酒后，损伤仍然足以对交通安全构成威胁，与醉酒驾驶的情况一样严重。在现实生活中，驾驶员采取休息时间策略来避免饮酒后损伤的影响可能不是最恰当的解决方案；相反，应该对驾驶员进行一些测试，以验证饮酒后对驾驶能力影响的可能性。
