Division of Neonatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil.
Neonatology. 2011;99(2):133-9. doi: 10.1159/000313590. Epub 2010 Aug 24.
Late preterm infants have higher morbidity in the neonatal period and difficulties at school age. There are few data about neonatal neurobehavior performance that may interfere in their development.
To compare the neurobehavior of healthy late preterm and full-term neonates born to adolescent mothers.
This prospective cross-sectional study included infants with a gestational age of 40(0/7)-40(6/7) weeks (full term) and 34(0/7)-36(6/7) weeks (late preterm) aged 24-72 h without exposure to alcohol, tobacco, drugs or infections and free of clinical problems during the first 3 days of life. Infants were assessed with the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Network Neurobehavioral Scale (NNNS). Outcomes were analyzed by ANOVA.
From July 2001 to November 2002, 3,685 infants were born, 928 of adolescent mothers. After exclusion, 36 late preterm and 96 term infants were enrolled. Adjusted for anesthesia type, delivery mode, gender, age at NNNS examination, time between last feeding and examination, and examination duration, late preterm, compared to term neonates, presented lower scores for attention (p = 0.041), arousal (p = 0.011), regulation (p < 0.001), quality of movements (p < 0.001) and higher scores for non-optimal reflexes (p < 0.001) and hypotonicity (p = 0.029).
Late preterm infants of adolescent mothers have a more immature neurobehavioral performance at 24-72 h of life in multiple areas compared to term neonates suggesting a need for careful follow-up.
晚期早产儿在新生儿期发病率较高，学龄期存在困难。关于可能影响其发育的新生儿神经行为表现的数据较少。
比较青少年母亲足月和晚期早产儿的神经行为。
这是一项前瞻性的横断研究，纳入胎龄为 40(0/7)-40(6/7) 周（足月）和 34(0/7)-36(6/7) 周（晚期早产儿）的健康新生儿，生后 24-72 小时，无酒精、烟草、药物或感染暴露，生后前 3 天无临床问题。采用新生儿重症监护室网络神经行为量表（NNNS）评估婴儿。采用方差分析对结果进行分析。
2001 年 7 月至 2002 年 11 月，共出生 3685 例婴儿，其中 928 例为青少年母亲。排除后，纳入 36 例晚期早产儿和 96 例足月儿。调整麻醉类型、分娩方式、性别、NNNS 检查时的年龄、最后一次喂养与检查之间的时间、检查持续时间后，与足月儿相比，晚期早产儿注意力（p = 0.041）、觉醒（p = 0.011）、调节（p < 0.001）、运动质量（p < 0.001）评分较低，非最佳反射（p < 0.001）和低张性（p = 0.029）评分较高。
与足月儿相比，青少年母亲的晚期早产儿在生后 24-72 小时的多个领域表现出更不成熟的神经行为，这表明需要仔细随访。
