Bacterially expressed dsRNA protects maize against SCMV infection.

RNA interference (RNAi) is a sequence-specific, posttranscriptional gene silencing (PTGS) process in plants that is mediated by dsRNA homologous to the silenced gene(s). In this study, we report an efficient method to produce dsRNA using a bacterial expression system. Two fragments of the Sugarcane Mosaic Virus (SCMV) CP (coat protein) gene were amplified by RT-PCR, and cloned into the inverted-repeat cloning vector pUCCRNAi. The two recombinant plasmids were transformed individually into E. coli HT115, an RNase-III deficient strain, and dsRNA was induced by isopropyl-β-D: -thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG). The crude extracts of E. coli HT115 containing large amounts of dsRNA were applied to plants as a spray and the experiment confirmed a preventative efficacy. Our findings demonstrated that spraying crude dsRNA-containing extracts inhibited SCMV infection, and the dsRNA derived from an upstream region (CP1) was more effective than was dsRNA derived from a downstream region (CP2) of the SCMV CP gene. The results provide a valuable tool for plant viral control using dsRNA and the PTGS approach.