Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
Environ Mol Mutagen. 2011 Apr;52(3):224-8. doi: 10.1002/em.20601. Epub 2010 Aug 25.
Tobacco smoking is a major world health problem. Recently, waterpipe smoking has become more popular in many countries. Although the genotoxicity associated with cigarette smoking has been extensively investigated, studies evaluating such toxicity in waterpipe users are still lacking. In this study, we examined the genotoxicity of waterpipe smoking in lymphocytes compared with the genotoxicity of cigarette smoking. Genotoxicity was evaluated using the sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) assay. Fifty waterpipe smokers and 18 healthy nonsmokers participated in this study. Additionally, 18 heavy cigarette smokers (CS) were recruited for comparison. The results show that waterpipe smoking and cigarette smoking significantly increase the frequencies of SCEs (P < 0.01) compared with those of nonsmokers, indicating the genotoxic effect of tobacco smoking. In addition, frequencies of SCEs were significantly higher among waterpipe smokers compared with CS (P < 0.01), indicating that waterpipe smoking is more genotoxic than cigarette smoking. Moreover, the frequency of SCEs increased with the extent of waterpipe use. In conclusion, waterpipe smoking is genotoxic to lymphocytes and the magnitude of its genotoxicity is higher than that induced by regular cigarette smoking.
吸烟是一个全球性的主要健康问题。最近，水烟在许多国家变得越来越流行。虽然与吸烟有关的遗传毒性已经得到了广泛的研究，但评估水烟使用者的这种毒性的研究仍然缺乏。在这项研究中，我们比较了水烟和香烟对淋巴细胞的遗传毒性。遗传毒性通过姐妹染色单体交换（SCE）试验进行评估。50 名水烟吸烟者和 18 名健康的非吸烟者参与了这项研究。此外，还招募了 18 名重度香烟吸烟者（CS）进行比较。结果表明，水烟和香烟吸烟与非吸烟者相比显著增加了 SCE 的频率（P < 0.01），表明吸烟具有遗传毒性。此外，水烟吸烟者的 SCE 频率明显高于 CS（P < 0.01），表明水烟的遗传毒性比香烟更强。此外，SCE 的频率随水烟使用量的增加而增加。总之，水烟吸烟对淋巴细胞具有遗传毒性，其遗传毒性的程度高于常规香烟吸烟。
