State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Environ Sci Technol. 2010 Sep 15;44(18):7043-9. doi: 10.1021/es101170c.
The widespread distribution of perfluorinated chemicals (PFCs) in different environmental matrices has prompted concern about the sources, fate, and transport of these classes of chemicals. PFCs are present in the atmosphere, but only a few studies have investigated their occurrence in precipitation. In this study, concentrations of 20 PFCs, including C3-C5 short-chain PFCs, were quantified using HPLC-MS/MS in precipitation samples from Japan (n = 31), the United States (n = 12), China (n = 5), India (n = 2), and France (n = 2). Among the PFCs measured, perfluoropropanoic acid (PFPrA) was detected in all of the precipitation samples. Average total PFC concentrations ranged from 1.40 to 18.1 ng/L for the seven cities studied. The greatest total PFC concentrations were detected in Tsukuba, Japan, whereas the lowest concentrations were detected in Patna, India. PFPrA, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) were found to be the dominant PFCs in Japanese and U.S. precipitation samples. No observable seasonal trend was found in precipitation samples from two locations in Japan. Annual fluxes of PFCs were estimated for Japan and the U.S. and the evidence for precipitation as an effective scavenger of PFCs in the atmosphere is reported.
全氟化合物（PFCs）在不同环境基质中的广泛分布引起了人们对这些化学物质的来源、归宿和迁移的关注。PFCs 存在于大气中，但只有少数研究调查了它们在降水中的存在情况。在这项研究中，使用 HPLC-MS/MS 定量分析了来自日本（n=31）、美国（n=12）、中国（n=5）、印度（n=2）和法国（n=2）的降水样本中 20 种 PFCs，包括 C3-C5 短链 PFCs。在所测量的 PFCs 中，所有降水样本中均检测到全氟丙基酸（PFPrA）。在所研究的七个城市中，总 PFC 浓度的平均值范围为 1.40 至 18.1ng/L。在日本筑波市检测到的总 PFC 浓度最高，而在印度巴特那市检测到的浓度最低。在日本和美国的降水样本中，PFPrA、全氟辛酸（PFOA）和全氟壬酸（PFNA）被发现是主要的 PFCs。在日本的两个地点的降水样本中未发现可观察到的季节性趋势。估计了日本和美国的 PFCs 年通量，并报告了降水作为大气中 PFCs 的有效清除剂的证据。
