Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan.
J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry. 2011 Mar;42(1):122-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2010.08.001. Epub 2010 Aug 11.
While impaired attentional disengagement from threatening stimuli is thought to enhance social anxiety, it is unclear when the impaired disengagement occurs accurately. We used a gap task (Experiment 1) and an overlap task (Experiment 2) to reveal the impaired attentional disengagement from angry faces in socially anxious people with non-treatment seeking undergraduates. High (N = 17 in Experiments 1 and 2) and low socially anxious people (N = 17 in Experiment 1 and 19 in Experiment 2) were asked to fixate on an angry or neutral face presented at the center of a screen. Then, they discriminated the peripheral target stimuli. When there was a temporal gap between the face and target in Experiment 1 (gap task), the reaction times (RTs) for angry and neutral faces did not differ for all participants. However, when there was no gap and the face continued to appear in Experiment 2 (overlap task), the RTs for angry faces in high socially anxious people were longer than those for neutral faces after presentation times of 300 ms or longer. In low socially anxious people, the RTs following the angry and neutral faces did not differ. These results suggest that high socially anxious people face difficulty in disengaging attention from angry faces after recognizing them.
虽然注意力从威胁性刺激中解脱的能力受损被认为会增强社交焦虑，但目前尚不清楚这种注意力解脱受损的确切时间。我们使用了一个缺口任务（实验 1）和一个重叠任务（实验 2），以揭示非治疗性寻求本科生中社交焦虑者对愤怒面孔的注意力解脱受损。高（N=17 在实验 1 和 2 中）和低社交焦虑者（N=17 在实验 1 中，19 在实验 2 中）被要求注视屏幕中央呈现的愤怒或中性面孔。然后，他们辨别周边目标刺激。当在实验 1 中面孔和目标之间存在时间缺口（缺口任务）时，对于所有参与者，愤怒和中性面孔的反应时间（RT）没有差异。然而，当没有缺口并且面孔在实验 2 中继续出现（重叠任务）时，在呈现 300 毫秒或更长时间后，高社交焦虑者的愤怒面孔的 RT 比中性面孔的 RT 更长。在低社交焦虑者中，愤怒和中性面孔后的 RT 没有差异。这些结果表明，高社交焦虑者在识别愤怒面孔后，很难将注意力从愤怒面孔上解脱出来。
