Department of Psychiatry (Child Division), Washington University School of Medicine, Box 8134, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
J Autism Dev Disord. 2011 Jun;41(6):715-31. doi: 10.1007/s10803-010-1090-z.
Three experiments explored attention to eye gaze, which is incompletely understood in typical development and is hypothesized to be disrupted in autism. Experiment 1 (n = 26 typical adults) involved covert orienting to box, arrow, and gaze cues at two probabilities and cue-target times to test whether reorienting for gaze is endogenous, exogenous, or unique; experiment 2 (total n = 80: male and female children and adults) studied age and sex effects on gaze cueing. Gaze cueing appears endogenous and may strengthen in typical development. Experiment 3 tested exogenous, endogenous, and gaze-based orienting in 25 typical and 27 Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) children. ASD children made more saccades, slowing their reaction times; however, exogenous and endogenous orienting, including gaze cueing, appear intact in ASD.
三项实验探索了对目光注视的注意力，在典型发育中对此了解不完整，并且假设在自闭症中受到干扰。实验 1（n = 26 名典型成年人）涉及以两种概率和线索-目标时间对盒子、箭头和注视线索进行隐蔽定向，以测试重新定向注视是否是内源性、外源性还是独特的；实验 2（总 n = 80：男性和女性儿童和成人）研究了年龄和性别对注视提示的影响。注视提示似乎是内源性的，并且可能在典型发育中增强。实验 3 在 25 名典型和 27 名自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）儿童中测试了外源性、内源性和基于注视的定向。ASD 儿童做出了更多的扫视，使他们的反应时间变慢；然而，外源性和内源性定向，包括注视提示，在 ASD 中似乎是完整的。
