Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Rehabilitation Research Center (REVAL), Hasselt Unversity, Agoralaan, Building A, 3590 Diepenbeek, Hasselt, Belgium.
Research in Developmental Disorders Lab, Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2021 Apr;30(4):497-538. doi: 10.1007/s00787-020-01487-7. Epub 2020 Feb 22.
We aimed at identifying early non-social behavioural indicators that predict later ASD. Likewise, we were interested in the moment in which non-social signs discriminate between children at elevated likelihood for ASD with a later diagnosis of ASD, and children at elevated likelihood for ASD with a typical developmental outcome. In addition, we intended to explore the developmental evolution of children's symptomatology over time. A systematic literature search was conducted for longitudinal studies on early non-social behavioural indicators among siblings at elevated likelihood for ASD. The following databases were searched: PUBMED, Web of Science, PsycINFO, CINAHL and EMBASE. The study identification process was conducted by two reviewers independently. Compared to siblings at elevated likelihood for ASD with a typical developmental outcome, siblings at elevated likelihood for ASD with later ASD show impairments in attention disengagement, in gross and fine motor development and characteristic restricted and repetitive interests and behaviours, starting at 12 months of age. Moreover, early attention disengagement exerts a predictive role towards a later ASD diagnosis, given that from 12 months siblings at elevated likelihood for ASD who will receive an independent ASD diagnosis towards 24-36 months present marked difficulties in disengaging in comparison with siblings at elevated likelihood for ASD that will not satisfy the criteria for an ASD diagnosis. The findings call for a more comprehensive vision on early indicators of ASD. Further research is needed to extend results to other behavioural domains.
我们旨在确定早期非社交行为指标，以预测随后的自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）。同样，我们也对非社交信号何时能够区分出具有高 ASD 患病风险但后来被诊断为 ASD 的儿童，以及具有高 ASD 患病风险但具有典型发育结果的儿童感兴趣。此外，我们还打算探索儿童症状随时间的发展演变。我们对具有高 ASD 患病风险的兄弟姐妹的早期非社交行为指标的纵向研究进行了系统的文献检索。以下数据库进行了搜索：PUBMED、Web of Science、PsycINFO、CINAHL 和 EMBASE。研究识别过程由两名审查员独立进行。与具有典型发育结果的高 ASD 患病风险的兄弟姐妹相比，具有高 ASD 患病风险但后来被诊断为 ASD 的兄弟姐妹在注意力脱离、粗大和精细运动发育以及特征性受限和重复兴趣和行为方面存在障碍，这些障碍始于 12 个月大。此外，早期注意力脱离对随后的 ASD 诊断具有预测作用，因为从 12 个月大开始，具有高 ASD 患病风险的兄弟姐妹如果在 24-36 个月时被独立诊断为 ASD，那么与不会满足 ASD 诊断标准的高 ASD 患病风险的兄弟姐妹相比，他们在注意力脱离方面会遇到明显的困难。这些发现呼吁对 ASD 的早期指标有更全面的认识。需要进一步的研究将结果扩展到其他行为领域。
