Neurophysiology Service, Virgen de los Lirios Hospital, Polígono Caramantxel s/n, Alcoy, Alicante, Spain.
Sleep Med. 2010 Oct;11(9):917-21. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2010.07.005. Epub 2010 Sep 1.
Sleep deficit in children has been associated with psychological and behavioral health alterations as well as an increased incidence of obesity and accidents. Several studies have assessed the effects of poor sleep patterns on adolescents and young adults; however few studies have been conducted in children and pre-teenagers. The main objective of this study was to examine sleep habits in primary school children.
The parents of primary school children in Alcoy (Spain) kept a sleep diary for their children for 1 week. Parents were asked to record the time their children went to bed, woke up and got out of bed, as well as sleep latency and total sleep time on school days and weekends. The data were analyzed and differences according to grade and gender were noted.
Three hundred twenty-one sleep diaries were studied; 53% were from boys and 47% from girls. As grade increased, children went to bed later and slept less (p<0.001). Children slept more hours on weekend than during the week. There was a substantial gender difference at the highest grade level: girls slept 23min more than boys on weekends (p<0.001). Sleep latency was greater than 20min in 19% of children, primarily in girls 10-12 years of age. There were a considerable percentage of children in each group who slept less than average for their age.
Sleep patterns in primary school children have been underreported. There appears to be insufficient sleep and delayed sleep-phase patterns among pre-teenagers.
儿童睡眠不足与心理和行为健康的改变以及肥胖和事故发生率的增加有关。有几项研究评估了不良睡眠模式对青少年和年轻人的影响；然而，在儿童和青少年中进行的研究较少。本研究的主要目的是研究小学生的睡眠习惯。
阿科伊（西班牙）的小学生家长为孩子的睡眠情况记录了一周的睡眠日记。要求家长记录孩子上学日和周末上床睡觉、醒来和起床的时间，以及入睡潜伏期和总睡眠时间。对数据进行了分析，并注意到了年级和性别差异。
研究了 321 份睡眠日记；其中 53%来自男孩，47%来自女孩。随着年级的升高，孩子们上床睡觉的时间越晚，睡眠时间越短（p<0.001）。孩子们在周末比在一周内睡的时间多。在最高年级，存在显著的性别差异：女孩在周末比男孩多睡 23 分钟（p<0.001）。19%的儿童入睡潜伏期超过 20 分钟，主要是 10-12 岁的女孩。在每个年龄段，都有相当一部分儿童睡眠时间低于平均水平。
小学生的睡眠模式报告不足。青少年似乎存在睡眠不足和睡眠相位延迟的情况。
