Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
J Am Coll Radiol. 2010 Sep;7(9):690-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jacr.2010.01.007.
The pandemic of swine-origin H1N1 influenza that began in early 2009 has provided evidence that radiology can assist in the early diagnosis of severe cases, raising new opportunities for the further development of infectious disease imaging. To help define radiology's role in present and future influenza outbreaks, it is important to understand how radiologists have responded to past epidemics and how these outbreaks influenced the development of imaging science. The authors review the role of radiology in the most severe influenza outbreak in history, the "great pandemic" of 1918, which arrived only 23 years after the discovery of x-rays. In large part because of the coincidental increase in the radiologic capacity of military hospitals for World War I, the 1918 pandemic firmly reinforced the role of radiologists as collaborators with clinicians and pathologists at an early stage in radiology's development, in addition to producing a radical expansion of radiologic research on pulmonary infections. Radiology's solid foundation from the 1918 experience in medical practice and research now affords significant opportunities to respond to the current H1N1 pandemic and future epidemics through similar interdisciplinary strategies that integrate imaging science with pathology, virology, and clinical studies. The broad range of current imaging capabilities will make it possible to study influenza at the cellular level, in animal models, and in human clinical trials to elucidate the pathogenesis of severe illness and improve clinical outcomes.
始于 2009 年初的猪源 H1N1 流感大流行提供了证据，表明放射科可以协助早期诊断重症病例，为传染病影像学的进一步发展带来了新的机遇。为了帮助确定放射科在当前和未来流感疫情中的作用，了解放射科如何应对过去的疫情以及这些疫情如何影响影像学科学的发展非常重要。作者回顾了放射科在历史上最严重的流感疫情——1918 年“大流感”中的作用，这距 X 射线发现仅 23 年。在很大程度上，由于第一次世界大战期间军队医院放射科能力的巧合性增加，1918 年的流感大流行除了极大地扩展了对肺部感染的放射学研究外，还巩固了放射科医生作为放射科发展早期与临床医生和病理学家合作的角色。放射科从 1918 年的医学实践和研究中获得的坚实基础，现在为通过类似的跨学科策略应对当前的 H1N1 大流行和未来的疫情提供了重要机会，这些策略将影像学科学与病理学、病毒学和临床研究相结合。目前广泛的成像能力将使我们有可能在细胞水平、动物模型和人体临床试验中研究流感，以阐明严重疾病的发病机制并改善临床结果。
