Physiologie Cellulaire de la Synapse, Université Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
Mol Cell Neurosci. 2011 Jan;46(1):1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.mcn.2010.08.014. Epub 2010 Sep 9.
The amount of AMPARs at synapses is not a fixed number but varies according to different factors including synaptic development, activity and disease. Because the number of AMPARs sets the strength of synaptic transmission, their trafficking is subject to fine and tight regulation. In this review, we will describe the different steps taken by AMPARs in order to reach the synapse. We propose a three-step mechanism involving exocytosis at extra/perisynaptic sites, lateral diffusion to synapses and a subsequent rate-limiting diffusional trapping step. We will describe how the different trafficking steps are regulated during synaptic plasticity or altered during neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's.
突触处 AMPAR 的数量不是固定不变的，而是会根据不同的因素而变化，包括突触发育、活性和疾病等。由于 AMPAR 的数量决定了突触传递的强度，因此它们的运输受到精细且严格的调控。在这篇综述中，我们将描述 AMPAR 到达突触所经历的不同步骤。我们提出了一个三步机制，包括位于突触外/周的胞吐作用、侧向扩散到突触以及随后的限速扩散捕获步骤。我们将描述在突触可塑性过程中不同运输步骤是如何被调控的，以及在阿尔茨海默病等神经退行性疾病中是如何被改变的。
