Beef Carcass Research Center, Department of Agricultural Sciences, West Texas A&M University, Canyon 79016, USA.
J Anim Sci. 2010 Dec;88(12):4037-43. doi: 10.2527/jas.2010-3219. Epub 2010 Sep 3.
The association of liver abnormalities with carcass grading performance, value, and dressed yield was evaluated on data from 76,191 carcasses housed in 2 databases. Liver abnormalities were assigned as follows: normal = edible liver; A- = 1 to 2 small abscesses or inactive scars; A = 1 to 2 large abscesses or multiple small abscesses; A+ = multiple large abscesses; A+AD = liver adhered to gastrointestinal tract or diaphragm or both; A+OP = open liver abscess; cirrhosis; distoma; and telangiectasis. Overall liver abnormality rates among both databases were A- = 5.0%, A = 2.6%, A+ = 2.0%, A+AD = 2.7%, A+OP = 1.4%, cirrhosis = 0.1%, distoma = 5.4%, and telangiectasis = 0.3%, with 80.5% of livers being normal. In database 1 (n = 3,936), BW was 33.3 kg less (P < 0.01) for carcasses with cirrhotic livers compared with carcasses with normal livers. Dressed yields for carcasses with A-, A+, A+AD, A+OP, and cirrhosis liver abnormalities were 0.28 to 0.89 percentage points less (P < 0.05) than carcasses with normal livers. In database 2 (n = 72,255), carcasses with A-, A+, A+AD, A+OP, cirrhosis, distoma, and telangiectasis liver abnormalities had reduced (P < 0.05) HCW and reduced (P < 0.05) LM area as compared with carcasses with a normal liver. Less (P < 0.05) 12th-rib subcutaneous fat was observed for carcasses with A-, A, A+, A+AD, A+OP, cirrhosis, and distoma abnormalities compared with carcasses with normal livers. Estimated KPH was less (P < 0.05) for carcasses with A-, A+, A+AD, A+OP, cirrhosis, and distoma abnormalities. Calculated yield grade was less (P < 0.05) for carcasses with A+AD, A+OP, cirrhosis, and distoma abnormalities compared with carcasses with normal livers. Marbling score of carcasses that had livers with A+AD or A+OP abscess scores or distoma was less (P < 0.05) than that of carcasses with normal livers. In database 2, market price per 45.35 kg did not differ (P = 0.32) among liver classification. Gross carcass value analyses indicated carcasses with A-, A, A+, A+AD, A+OP, cirrhosis, and distoma liver abnormalities were less valuable (P < 0.05) than carcasses with normal livers. These data delineate the association of liver abnormalities present at harvest with subsequent changes in carcass characteristics and ultimately lost carcass value.
本研究旨在评估来自 2 个数据库的 76191 个胴体数据中肝脏异常与胴体分级表现、价值和去骨产量之间的关系。肝脏异常的分类如下：正常=可食用的肝脏；A-=1-2 个小脓肿或非活动疤痕；A=1-2 个大脓肿或多个小脓肿；A+=多个大脓肿；A+AD=肝脏与胃肠道或横膈膜粘连或两者皆有；A+OP=开放性肝脓肿；肝硬化；吸虫病；和血管扩张。两个数据库中肝脏异常的总发生率分别为：A-=5.0%、A=2.6%、A+=2.0%、A+AD=2.7%、A+OP=1.4%、肝硬化=0.1%、吸虫病=5.4%和血管扩张=0.3%，其中 80.5%的肝脏正常。在数据库 1（n=3936）中，与正常肝脏的胴体相比，患有肝硬化的胴体的体重（BW）低 33.3 千克（P<0.01）。A-、A+、A+AD、A+OP 和肝硬化肝脏异常的胴体去皮产量比正常肝脏的胴体低 0.28-0.89 个百分点（P<0.05）。在数据库 2（n=72255）中，与正常肝脏的胴体相比，患有 A-、A+、A+AD、A+OP、肝硬化、吸虫病和血管扩张的肝脏异常的胴体的去骨后体重（HCW）和去骨后肌肉面积（LM area）降低（P<0.05）。与正常肝脏的胴体相比，患有 A-、A、A+、A+AD、A+OP、肝硬化和吸虫病的胴体的第 12 肋骨皮下脂肪（12th-rib subcutaneous fat）减少（P<0.05）。估计的酮体硬度（KPH）对于患有 A-、A+、A+AD、A+OP、肝硬化和吸虫病异常的胴体较低（P<0.05）。与正常肝脏的胴体相比，患有 A+AD、A+OP、肝硬化和吸虫病异常的胴体的计算产量等级较低（P<0.05）。患有 A+AD 或 A+OP 脓肿评分或吸虫病的胴体的大理石花纹评分（marbling score）较低（P<0.05）。在数据库 2 中，每 45.35 千克的市场价格在肝脏分类之间没有差异（P=0.32）。胴体总价值分析表明，患有 A-、A、A+、A+AD、A+OP、肝硬化和吸虫病肝脏异常的胴体的价值较低（P<0.05）。这些数据描绘了在收获时存在的肝脏异常与随后的胴体特征变化以及最终的胴体价值损失之间的关系。
