Melin-Aldana H, Giannini E H, Glass D N
Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229-2899.
J Rheumatol Suppl. 1990 Nov;26:2-6.
Certain major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and class II genes are uniquely associated with early onset pauciarticular juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA). As in other autoimmune diseases, these associations are likely to reflect contributions of the MHC to a trimolecular complex formed by HLA, lymphocyte T cell receptor and the putative antigen. The HLA genes associated with JRA are currently the best understood component of this complex. Recent findings demonstrated that combinations of genes, even within class II, play an important role. Data generated by DNA sequencing techniques have clarified the splits of given genes involved in disease, e.g., the HLA-DRw8 allele, HLA-DRB10801 rather than HLA-DRB10802, which does not carry an increased risk for disease. Recent findings suggest that aberrant sequences in particular genes are unimportant. Substantial challenges remain; including establishing the particular HLA DNA nucleotides critical to antigen presentation. It is probable that new and specific therapeutic approaches will be developed which will utilize the immunogenetic data now being accumulated.
某些主要组织相容性复合体（MHC）I类和II类基因与早发性少关节型幼年类风湿性关节炎（JRA）有着独特的关联。与其他自身免疫性疾病一样，这些关联可能反映了MHC对由HLA、淋巴细胞T细胞受体和假定抗原形成的三分子复合物的作用。目前，与JRA相关的HLA基因是该复合物中了解最为透彻的成分。最近的研究结果表明，即使在II类基因内部，基因组合也起着重要作用。DNA测序技术所产生的数据已经阐明了参与疾病的特定基因的分型，例如HLA-DRw8等位基因是HLA-DRB10801而非HLA-DRB10802，后者并不增加患病风险。最近的研究结果表明，特定基因中的异常序列并不重要。仍然存在重大挑战；包括确定对抗原呈递至关重要的特定HLA DNA核苷酸。很可能会开发出新的特异性治疗方法，这些方法将利用目前正在积累的免疫遗传学数据。
