Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII), 20220 Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.
Sci Total Environ. 2010 Nov 1;408(23):5758-67. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.07.085. Epub 2010 Sep 15.
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) comprise a large variety of toxic substances with ample distribution. While exposure to these toxins occurs mainly through diet, maternal POP levels may be influenced by certain sociodemographic, environmental, or lifestyle factors. This is important given that these substances may have adverse effects on fetal development. The aim of this study is to examine the sociodemographic, environmental, lifestyle, and dietary determinants of the levels of hexachlorobenzene (HCB), b-hexachlorocyclohexane (b-HCH), 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane (4,4'-DDT), 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethylene (4,4'-DDE), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB congeners 118, 138, 153, 180) measured in the blood of pregnant women participating in a mother-child cohort study conducted in Valencia (Spain). The study population consisted of 541 pregnant women who formed part of the INMA (Childhood and the Environment) cohort (2004-2006). POP levels were determined in blood taken during the 12th week of pregnancy with the aid of gas chromatography with electron capture detection. Sociodemographic, environmental, and dietary information was obtained from a questionnaire. Multivariate Tobit regression models were constructed in order to assess the association between POP levels and selected covariates. The results showed that all the women had detectable levels of at least one of these compounds while in 43% of the subjects, all eight compounds were detected. The compounds found in the greatest number of women were 4,4'-DDE (100%) and PCBs 153 and 180 (95%). The most important determinants of high POP levels were the mother's age, country of origin, increased body mass index, and number of weeks of breastfeeding after previous pregnancies. With regard to diet, 4,4'-DDT and 4,4'-DDE levels increased with the intake of meat, fruit, and cereal. PCB 153 levels increased with the intake of seafood. The levels of HCB, b-HCH, 4,4'-DDT, and 4,4'-DDE observed in this study were slightly higher than in other studies, whereas the PCB levels were similar.
持久性有机污染物（POPs）包含大量分布广泛的有毒物质。尽管这些毒素主要通过饮食摄入，但母体 POP 水平可能受到某些社会人口统计学、环境或生活方式因素的影响。这一点很重要，因为这些物质可能对胎儿发育产生不良影响。本研究旨在探讨母体血液中六氯苯（HCB）、β-六氯环己烷（β-HCH）、1,1,1-三氯-2,2-双（4-氯苯基）乙烷（4,4'-DDT）、1,1-二氯-2,2-双（4-氯苯基）乙烯（4,4'-DDE）和多氯联苯（PCB 同系物 118、138、153、180）水平的社会人口统计学、环境、生活方式和饮食决定因素，这些因素在参加在瓦伦西亚（西班牙）进行的母婴队列研究的孕妇血液中进行了测量。研究人群由 541 名孕妇组成，他们是 INMA（儿童与环境）队列（2004-2006 年）的一部分。POP 水平是在妊娠第 12 周时通过气相色谱法与电子捕获检测法在血液中测定的。社会人口统计学、环境和饮食信息是从问卷调查中获得的。为了评估 POP 水平与选定协变量之间的关联，构建了多变量 Tobit 回归模型。结果显示，所有女性的血液中都检测到至少一种这些化合物，而在 43%的受试者中，所有八种化合物都被检测到。在女性中发现最多的化合物是 4,4'-DDE（100%）和 PCB 153 和 180（95%）。高 POP 水平的重要决定因素是母亲的年龄、原籍国、体重指数增加和前几次妊娠后的哺乳周数。就饮食而言，4,4'-DDT 和 4,4'-DDE 水平随着肉类、水果和谷物的摄入而增加。PCB 153 水平随着海鲜的摄入而增加。本研究中观察到的 HCB、β-HCH、4,4'-DDT 和 4,4'-DDE 水平略高于其他研究，而 PCB 水平则相似。
